Related papers: The Arrhenius Law Prefactor in Permalloy Mesoscale…
Thermally activated phenomena in physics and chemistry, such as conformational changes in biomolecules, liquid film rupture, or ferromagnetic field reversal, are often associated with exponentially long transition times described by…
We derive a generalization of the Second Law of Thermodynamics that uses Bayesian updates to explicitly incorporate the effects of a measurement of a system at some point in its evolution. By allowing an experimenter's knowledge to be…
The double-well problem for the two-dimensional Dirac equation is solved for a family of quasi-one-dimensional potentials in terms of confluent Heun functions. We demonstrate that for a double well separated by a barrier, both the energy…
The exponential factor of Arrhenius satisfactorily quantifies the energetic restriction of chemical reactions but is still awaiting a rigorous basis. Assuming that the Arrhenius equation should be based on statistical mechanics and is…
Monte Carlo switching moves ("perturbations") are defined between two or more classical Hamiltonians sharing a common ground-state energy. The ratio of the density of states (DOS) of one system to that of another is related to the ensemble…
It is demonstrated that a straightforward extension of the Arrhenius law accurately describes diffusion in the thermodynamically stable liquid of hard spheres. A sharp negative deviation from this behaviour is observed as the liquid is…
Magnetic systems can exhibit thermally activated transitions whose timescales are often described by an Arrhenius law. However, robust predictions of such timescales are only available for certain cases. Inspired by the harmonic theory of…
The spontaneous switching of a quantum particle between the wells of a double-well potential is a phenomenon of general interest to physics and chemistry. It was broadly believed that the switching rate decreases steadily with the size of…
The Arrhenius law predicts the transition time between equilibrium states in physical systems due to thermal activation, with broad applications in material science, magnetic hyperthermia and paleomagnetism where it is used to estimate the…
Metastable states appear as long-lived intermediate states in various natural transport phenomena which are governed by energy landscapes. As such, these intermediate metastable states dominate the system's dynamics at coarse grained times.…
When interacting spin systems possess non-zero magnetization or topological entanglement entropy below the transition temperature, they often serve as classical or quantum self-correcting memory. In particular, their memory time grows…
Kirchhoff's current law is thought to describe the translational movement of charged particles through resistors. But Kirchhoff's law is widely used to describe movements of current through resistors in high speed devices. Current at high…
When particles/molecules diffuse in systems that contain obstacles, the steady-state regime (during which the mean-square displacement scales linearly with time, $\left< r^2 \right> \sim t$) is preceded by a transient regime. It is common…
The estimation of the permeability of porous media to fluids is of fundamental importance in fields as diverse as oil and gas industry, agriculture, hydrology and medicine. Despite more than 150 years since the publication of Darcy's linear…
Benford's law is an empirical law predicting the distribution of the first significant digits of numbers obtained from natural phenomena and mathematical tables. It has been found to be applicable for numbers coming from a plethora of…
A comprehensive multi-electronic-state model for OH + HO2 -> O2 + H2O has been developed through extensive multi-reference configuration interaction (MRCI) calculations, aiming to elucidate two key experimental observations: (1) an…
In the small noise regime, the average transition time between metastable states of a reversible diffusion process is described at the logarithmic scale by Arrhenius' law. The Eyring-Kramers formula classically provides a subexponential…
Different rate theories yielded similar forms of rates constants consistent with the phenomenological Arrhenius law, although they were derived from various branches of physics including classical thermodynamics, statistical and quantum…
Finding the mean time it takes for a particle to escape from a meta-stable state due to thermal fluctuations is a fundamental problem in physics, chemistry and biology. For weak thermal noise, the mean escape time is captured by the…
We consider a disordered two-dimensional electronic system in the limit of high magnetic field at the metal-insulator transition. Density of states close to the Fermi level acquires a divergent correction to the lowest order in…