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Continuous-time assessments of game outcomes in sports have become increasingly common in the last decade. In American football, only discrete-time estimates of play value were possible, since the most advanced public football datasets were…

While reinforcement learning (RL) for large language models (LLMs) has shown promise in mathematical reasoning, strategic reasoning for LLMs using RL remains largely unexplored. We investigate whether LLMs can develop strategic reasoning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Dongyoon Hwang , Hojoon Lee , Jaegul Choo , Dongmin Park , Jongho Park

Rating systems play an important role in competitive sports and games. They provide a measure of player skill, which incentivizes competitive performances and enables balanced match-ups. In this paper, we present a novel Bayesian rating…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-01-05 Aram Ebtekar , Paul Liu

Achieving superhuman playing level by AlphaGo corroborated the capabilities of convolutional neural architectures (CNNs) for capturing complex spatial patterns. This result was to a great extent due to several analogies between Go board…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-02-13 Paweł Liskowski , Wojciech Jaśkowski , Krzysztof Krawiec

This paper presents a study on the prediction of outcomes in matches of the electronic game League of Legends (LoL) using machine learning techniques. With the aim of exploring the ability to predict real-time results, considering different…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Jailson B. S. Junior , Claudio E. C. Campelo

Reasoning is a central capability of human intelligence. In recent years, with the advent of large-scale datasets, pretrained large language models have emerged with new capabilities, including reasoning. However, these models still…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Shu Wang , Lei Ji , Renxi Wang , Wenxiao Zhao , Haokun Liu , Yifan Hou , Ying Nian Wu

Recently, Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology use has been rising in sports to reach decisions of various complexity. At a relatively low complexity level, for example, major tennis tournaments replaced human line judges with Hawk-Eye…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2024-07-19 Nejat Anbarci , Mehmet S. Ismail

Contributions: Prior studies on education have mostly followed the model of the cross sectional study, namely, examining the pretest and the posttest scores. This paper shows that students' knowledge throughout the intervention can be…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-05-02 Manie Tadayon , Greg Pottie

Large multimodal models (LMMs) have evolved from large language models (LLMs) to integrate multiple input modalities, such as visual inputs. This integration augments the capacity of LLMs for tasks requiring visual comprehension and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-01 Mohammad Reza Taesiri , Tianjun Feng , Anh Nguyen , Cor-Paul Bezemer

Undoubtedly, social media are brainstormed by a tremendous volume of stories, feedback, reviews, and reactions expressed in various languages and idioms, even though some are factually incorrect. These motifs make assessing such data…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Maryam Paparimoghadamborazjani , Amin Kazemi

In trick-taking card games, a two-step process of state sampling and evaluation is widely used to approximate move values. While the evaluation component is vital, the accuracy of move value estimates is also fundamentally linked to how…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-09-12 Christopher Solinas , Douglas Rebstock , Michael Buro

This paper uses chess, a landmark planning problem in AI, to assess transformers' performance on a planning task where memorization is futile $\unicode{x2013}$ even at a large scale. To this end, we release ChessBench, a large-scale…

Recent large language models (LLMs) have shown strong reasoning capabilities. However, a critical question remains: do these models possess genuine strategic reasoning, or do they primarily excel at pattern recognition? To address this, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Jincheng Liu , Sijun He , Jingjing Wu , Xiangsen Wang , Yang Chen , Zhaoqi Kuang , Siqi Bao , Yuan Yao

Conversational Spoken Language Models (SLMs) are emerging as a promising paradigm for real-time speech interaction. However, their capacity of temporal dynamics, including the ability to manage timing, tempo and simultaneous speaking,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-04 Kai-Wei Chang , En-Pei Hu , Chun-Yi Kuan , Wenze Ren , Wei-Chih Chen , Guan-Ting Lin , Yu Tsao , Shao-Hua Sun , Hung-yi Lee , James Glass

As large language models (LLMs) advance across diverse tasks, the need for comprehensive evaluation beyond single metrics becomes increasingly important. To fully assess LLM intelligence, it is crucial to examine their interactive dynamics…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Junhao Chen , Jingbo Sun , Xiang Li , Haidong Xin , Yuhao Xue , Yibin Xu , Hao Zhao

Understanding the dynamics of momentum and game fluctuation in tennis matches is cru-cial for predicting match outcomes and enhancing player performance. In this study, we present a comprehensive analysis of these factors using a dataset…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Wankang Zhai , Yuhan Wang

Time series prediction with deep learning methods, especially long short-term memory neural networks (LSTMs), have scored significant achievements in recent years. Despite the fact that the LSTMs can help to capture long-term dependencies,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-12 Youru Li , Zhenfeng Zhu , Deqiang Kong , Hua Han , Yao Zhao

We present a physics-inspired method for inferring dynamic rankings in directed temporal networks - networks in which each directed and timestamped edge reflects the outcome and timing of a pairwise interaction. The inferred ranking of each…

Game playing has long served as a fundamental benchmark for evaluating Artificial General Intelligence. While Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in general reasoning, their effectiveness in spatial…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Yuhao Chen , Shuochen Liu , Yuanjie Lyu , Chao Zhang , Jiayao Shi , Tong Xu

Real-Time Networks (RTNs) provide latency guarantees for time-critical applications and it aims to support different traffic categories via various scheduling mechanisms. Those scheduling mechanisms rely on a precise network performance…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2021-04-07 Chien-Cheng Wu
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