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Despite rapid progress on coding agents, progress on their multimodal counterparts has lagged behind. A key challenge is the scarcity of evaluation testbeds that combine the complexity of software development with the need for deep…

We present PORTAL, a novel framework for developing artificial intelligence agents capable of playing thousands of 3D video games through language-guided policy generation. By transforming decision-making problems into language modeling…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Zhongwen Xu , Xianliang Wang , Siyi Li , Tao Yu , Liang Wang , Qiang Fu , Wei Yang

We present the first deep learning model to successfully learn control policies directly from high-dimensional sensory input using reinforcement learning. The model is a convolutional neural network, trained with a variant of Q-learning,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-12-20 Volodymyr Mnih , Koray Kavukcuoglu , David Silver , Alex Graves , Ioannis Antonoglou , Daan Wierstra , Martin Riedmiller

Text-based games are a natural challenge domain for deep reinforcement learning algorithms. Their state and action spaces are combinatorially large, their reward function is sparse, and they are partially observable: the agent is informed…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-12-02 Vishal Jain , William Fedus , Hugo Larochelle , Doina Precup , Marc G. Bellemare

Optimizing artificial intelligence (AI) for dynamic environments remains a fundamental challenge in machine learning research. In this paper, we examine evolutionary training methods for optimizing AI to solve the game 2048, a 2D sliding…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Maggie Bai , Ava Kim Cohen , Eleanor Koss , Charlie Lichtenbaum

Intelligent behaviour in the physical world exhibits structure at multiple spatial and temporal scales. Although movements are ultimately executed at the level of instantaneous muscle tensions or joint torques, they must be selected to…

This paper presents the Large Vision Diffusion Transformer (LaVin-DiT), a scalable and unified foundation model designed to tackle over 20 computer vision tasks in a generative framework. Unlike existing large vision models directly adapted…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Zhaoqing Wang , Xiaobo Xia , Runnan Chen , Dongdong Yu , Changhu Wang , Mingming Gong , Tongliang Liu

Vision Transformers (ViTs) have achieved state-of-the-art performance in image classification, yet their attention mechanisms often remain opaque and exhibit dense, non-structured behaviors. In this work, we adapt our previously proposed…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Vasileios Arampatzakis , George Pavlidis , Nikolaos Mitianoudis , Nikos Papamarkos

Operator learning, which aims to approximate maps between infinite-dimensional function spaces, is an important area in scientific machine learning with applications across various physical domains. Here we introduce the Continuous Vision…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Sifan Wang , Jacob H Seidman , Shyam Sankaran , Hanwen Wang , George J. Pappas , Paris Perdikaris

Game-Based Learning has proven to be an effective method for enhancing engagement with educational material. However, gaining a deeper understanding of player strategies remains challenging. Sequential game-state and action-based tracking…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Braden Roper , William Thompson , Chris Weaver

Vision Transformers have been tremendously successful in computer vision tasks. However, their large computational, memory, and energy demands are a challenge for edge inference on FPGAs -- a field that has seen a recent surge in demand. We…

Since their inception, Vision Transformers (ViTs) have emerged as a compelling alternative to Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) across a wide spectrum of tasks. ViTs exhibit notable characteristics, including global attention, resilience…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-22 Hanan Gani , Nada Saadi , Noor Hussein , Karthik Nandakumar

The asynchronous nature of the state-of-the-art reinforcement learning algorithms such as the Asynchronous Advantage Actor-Critic algorithm, makes them exceptionally suitable for CPU computations. However, given the fact that deep…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2018-04-17 Robert Adamski , Tomasz Grel , Maciej Klimek , Henryk Michalewski

In this work, an advanced deep reinforcement learning architecture is used to train neural network agents playing atari games. Given only the raw game pixels, action space, and reward information, the system can train agents to play any…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Md Ashfaq Salehin

The Game Theory & Multi-Agent team at DeepMind studies several aspects of multi-agent learning ranging from computing approximations to fundamental concepts in game theory to simulating social dilemmas in rich spatial environments and…

For computer vision, Vision Transformers (ViTs) have become one of the go-to deep net architectures. Despite being inspired by Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), ViTs' output remains sensitive to small spatial shifts in the input, i.e.,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-30 Renan A. Rojas-Gomez , Teck-Yian Lim , Minh N. Do , Raymond A. Yeh

Since AlphaGo and AlphaGo Zero have achieved breakground successes in the game of Go, the programs have been generalized to solve other tasks. Subsequently, AlphaZero was developed to play Go, Chess and Shogi. In the literature, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-20 Hui Wang , Michael Emmerich , Mike Preuss , Aske Plaat

Although AlphaZero has achieved superhuman performance in board games, recent studies reveal its limitations in handling scenarios requiring a comprehensive understanding of the entire board, such as recognizing long-sequence patterns in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-21 Yan-Ru Ju , Tai-Lin Wu , Chung-Chin Shih , Ti-Rong Wu

Shift equivariance is a fundamental principle that governs how we perceive the world - our recognition of an object remains invariant with respect to shifts. Transformers have gained immense popularity due to their effectiveness in both…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-14 Peijian Ding , Davit Soselia , Thomas Armstrong , Jiahao Su , Furong Huang

We propose UniT, a Unified Transformer model to simultaneously learn the most prominent tasks across different domains, ranging from object detection to natural language understanding and multimodal reasoning. Based on the transformer…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-19 Ronghang Hu , Amanpreet Singh