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With the increasing impact of algorithmic decision-making on human lives, the interpretability of models has become a critical issue in machine learning. Counterfactual explanation is an important method in the field of interpretable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Ao Xu , Tieru Wu

Transparency is an essential requirement of machine learning based decision making systems that are deployed in real world. Often, transparency of a given system is achieved by providing explanations of the behavior and predictions of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-18 André Artelt , Barbara Hammer

This work presents DCFlow, a novel unsupervised cross-modal flow estimation framework that integrates a decoupled optimization strategy and a cross-modal consistency constraint. Unlike previous approaches that implicitly learn flow…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Runmin Zhang , Jialiang Wang , Si-Yuan Cao , Zhu Yu , Junchen Yu , Guangyi Zhang , Hui-Liang Shen

Learning permutations is fundamental to sorting, ranking, and matching, but existing differentiable methods based on entropy-regularized Sinkhorn produce a single softened solution and collapse under ambiguity. We present PermFlow, a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Yimeng Min , Carla P. Gomes

Accurate estimation of counterfactual outcomes in high-dimensional data is crucial for decision-making and understanding causal relationships and intervention outcomes in various domains, including healthcare, economics, and social…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-31 Jiageng Zhu , Hanchen Xie , Jiazhi Li , Wael Abd-Almageed

We consider the problem of answering observational, interventional, and counterfactual queries in a causally sufficient setting where only observational data and the causal graph are available. Utilizing the recent developments in diffusion…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-10-11 Patrick Chao , Patrick Blöbaum , Sapan Patel , Shiva Prasad Kasiviswanathan

Data-driven optimization uses contextual information and machine learning algorithms to find solutions to decision problems with uncertain parameters. While a vast body of work is dedicated to interpreting machine learning models in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-21 Alexandre Forel , Axel Parmentier , Thibaut Vidal

With the increasing deployment of machine learning systems in practice, transparency and explainability have become serious issues. Contrastive explanations are considered to be useful and intuitive, in particular when it comes to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-05 André Artelt , Barbara Hammer

Despite their popularity, to date, the application of normalizing flows on categorical data stays limited. The current practice of using dequantization to map discrete data to a continuous space is inapplicable as categorical data has no…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-22 Phillip Lippe , Efstratios Gavves

The popularity of deep learning methods in the time series domain boosts interest in interpretability studies, including counterfactual (CF) methods. CF methods identify minimal changes in instances to alter the model predictions. Despite…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Ziwen Kan , Shahbaz Rezaei , Xin Liu

Counterfactual explanations is one of the post-hoc methods used to provide explainability to machine learning models that have been attracting attention in recent years. Most examples in the literature, address the problem of generating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-11 Guillermo Navas-Palencia

Advances in generative modeling have recently been adapted to tabular data containing discrete and continuous features. However, generating mixed-type features that combine discrete states with an otherwise continuous distribution in a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Markus Mueller , Kathrin Gruber , Dennis Fok

Representation learning stands as one of the critical machine learning techniques across various domains. Through the acquisition of high-quality features, pre-trained embeddings significantly reduce input space redundancy, benefiting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Suiyao Chen , Jing Wu , Naira Hovakimyan , Handong Yao

Generating multiple counterfactual explanations for different modes within a class presents a significant challenge, as these modes are distinct yet converge under the same classification. Diffusion probabilistic models (DPMs) have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Suparshva Jain , Amit Sangroya , Lovekesh Vig

Among recent developments in time series forecasting methods, deep forecasting models have gained popularity as they can utilize hidden feature patterns in time series to improve forecasting performance. Nevertheless, the majority of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-13 Zhendong Wang , Ioanna Miliou , Isak Samsten , Panagiotis Papapetrou

Counterfactual explanations are one of the most popular methods to make predictions of black box machine learning models interpretable by providing explanations in the form of `what-if scenarios'. Most current approaches optimize a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-10-16 Susanne Dandl , Christoph Molnar , Martin Binder , Bernd Bischl

Estimating causal effects from observational data has become increasingly critical in diverse fields including healthcare, economics, and social policy. The fundamental challenge in causal inference arises from the missing counterfactuals…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Yifei Xie , Jian Huang

This paper introduces Fast Calibrated Explanations, a method designed for generating rapid, uncertainty-aware explanations for machine learning models. By incorporating perturbation techniques from ConformaSight - a global explanation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Tuwe Löfström , Fatima Rabia Yapicioglu , Alessandra Stramiglio , Helena Löfström , Fabio Vitali

The increasing use of machine learning in practice and legal regulations like EU's GDPR cause the necessity to be able to explain the prediction and behavior of machine learning models. A prominent example of particularly intuitive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-28 André Artelt , Barbara Hammer

Temporal Graph Neural Networks (TGNNs) are widely used to model dynamic systems where relationships and features evolve over time. Although TGNNs demonstrate strong predictive capabilities in these domains, their complex architectures pose…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Zhan Qu , Daniel Gomm , Michael Färber