Related papers: Method for efficient large-scale cryogenic charact…

Accurate on-chip temperature sensing is critical for the optimal performance of modern CMOS integrated circuits (ICs), to understand and monitor localized heating around the chip during operation. The development of quantum computers has…

On-chip thermometry at deep-cryogenic temperatures is vital in quantum computing applications to accurately quantify the effect of increased temperature on qubit performance. In this work, we present a sub-1 K temperature sensor in CMOS…

Cryogenic characterization and modeling of 0.18um CMOS technology (1.8V and 5V) are presented in this paper. Several PMOS and NMOS transistors with different width to length ratios(W/L) were extensively characterized under various bias…

Cryogenic CMOS technology (cryo-CMOS) offers a scalable solution for quantum device interface fabrication. Several previous works have studied the characterization of CMOS technology at cryogenic temperatures for various process nodes.…

Quantum computers based on solid state qubits have been a subject of rapid development in recent years. In current Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) technology, each quantum device is controlled and characterised though a dedicated…

Solid-state quantum computers require classical electronics to control and readout individual qubits and to enable fast classical data processing [1-3]. Integrating both subsystems at deep cryogenic temperatures [4], where solid-state…

Fast feedback from cryogenic electrical characterization measurements is key for the development of scalable quantum computing technology. At room temperature, high-throughput device testing is accomplished with a probe-based solution,…

The most promising quantum algorithms require quantum processors hosting millions of quantum bits when targeting practical applications. A major challenge towards large-scale quantum computation is the interconnect complexity. In current…

Large-scale cryogenic quantum systems are constrained by an input-output bottleneck between room-temperature electronics and millikelvin stages, particularly in superconducting qubit platforms. This bottleneck is most acute for output…

This work presents a self-heating study of a 40-nm bulk-CMOS technology in the ambient temperature range from 300 K down to 4.2 K. A custom test chip was designed and fabricated for measuring both the temperature rise in the MOSFET channel…

Conventional CMOS technology operated at cryogenic conditions has recently attracted interest for its uses in low-noise electronics. We present one of the first characterizations of 180 nm CMOS technology at a temperature of 100 mK,…

We make use of a custom-designed cryo-CMOS multiplexer (MUX) to enable multiple quantum devices to be characterized in a single cool-down of a dilution refrigerator. Combined with a packaging approach that integrates cryo-CMOS chips and a…

This paper presents the first experimental investigation and physical discussion of the cryogenic behavior of a commercial 28 nm bulk CMOS technology. Here we extract the fundamental physical parameters of this technology at 300, 77 and 4.2…

A scaled-up quantum computer will require a highly efficient control interface that autonomously manipulates and reads out large numbers of qubits, which for solid-state implementations are usually held at millikelvin (mK) temperatures.…

We describe a cryogenic instrumentation platform incorporating commercially-available field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) configured to operate well beyond their specified temperature range. The instrument enables signal routing,…

In the pursuit of quantum computing, solid-state quantum systems, particularly superconducting ones, have made remarkable advancements over the past two decades. However, achieving fault-tolerant quantum computing for next-generation…

This paper demonstrates the use of voltage noise thermometry, with a cross-correlation technique, as a dissipation-free method of thermometry inside a CMOS integrated circuit (IC). We show that this technique exhibits broad agreement with…

This paper presents the characterization of microwave passive components, including metal-oxide-metal (MoM) capacitors, transformers, and resonators, at deep cryogenic temperature (4.2 K). The variations in capacitance, inductance and…

Quantum computers are nearing the thousand qubit mark, with the current focus on scaling to improve computational performance. As quantum processors grow in complexity, new challenges arise such as the management of device variability and…

Reliable operation of photonic integrated circuits at cryogenic temperatures would enable new capabilities for emerging computing platforms, such as quantum technologies and low-power cryogenic computing. The silicon-on-insulator platform…