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Controlling polarisation directly at low temperature is crucial for development of optical spectroscopy techniques at sub-Kelvin temperatures, for example, in a hybrid scheme where light is fed into and collected in the cryostat by fibres…

Optics · Physics 2025-01-07 Thierry Chanelière , Alexei D. Chepelianskii

We present a multiplexing scheme for the measurement of large numbers of mesoscopic devices in cryogenic systems. The multiplexer is used to contact an array of 256 split gates on a GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructure, in which each split gate can…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2013-06-19 H. Al-Taie , L. W. Smith , B. Xu , P. See , J. P. Griffiths , H. E. Beere , G. A. C. Jones , D. A. Ritchie , M. J. Kelly , C. G. Smith

In this paper, we provide a system level perspective on the design of control electronics for large scale quantum systems. Quantum computing systems with high-fidelity control and readout, coherent coupling, calibrated gates, and…

Silicon carbide is a wide-bandgap semiconductor with an emerging CMOS technology platform and it is widely deployed in high power and harsh environment electronics. This material is also attracting interest for quantum technologies through…

Applied Physics · Physics 2026-05-05 Megan Powell , Euan Parry , Conor McGeough , Alexander Zotov , Alessandro Rossi

Quantum processing units will be modules of larger information processing systems containing also digital and analog electronics modules. Silicon-based quantum computing offers the enticing opportunity to manufacture all the modules using…

We report experimental demonstration of the feasibility of reaching temperatures below 1 mK using cryogen-free technology. Our prototype system comprises an adiabatic nuclear demagnetisation stage, based on hyperfine-enhanced nuclear…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2015-06-16 Graham Batey , Andrew Casey , Michael Cuthbert , Anthony Matthews , John Saunders , Aya Shibahara

Continuing advancements in quantum information processing have caused a paradigm shift from research mainly focused on testing the reality of quantum mechanics to engineering qubit devices with numbers required for practical quantum…

Current control techniques for cryogenically cooled qubits are realized with coaxial cables, posing multiple challenges in terms of cost, thermal load, size, and long-term scalability. Emerging approaches to tackle this issue include…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-01 Malek Succar , Mohamed I. Ibrahim

A robust cryogenic infrastructure in form of a wired, thermally optimized dilution refrigerator is essential for present and future solid-state based quantum processors. Here, we engineer an extensible cryogenic setup, which minimizes…

On-chip demagnetization refrigeration has recently emerged as a powerful tool for reaching microkelvin electron temperatures in nanoscale structures. The relative importance of cooling on-chip and off-chip components and the thermal…

Improved accessibility to the microkelvin temperature regime is important for future research in quantum materials; for quantum information science; and for applications of quantum sensors. Here we report the design and performance of a…

3D integrated circuit (3D-IC) technology gained acceptance due to the ability to achieve extremely high level of integration, where hundreds of ICs are stacked vertically. Such level of integration can result in local power dissipation of…

Applied Physics · Physics 2019-11-04 Chandrasekhar Mandalapu , Ibrahim M Abdel-Motaleb , Sangki Hong , Robert Patti

In a multiprocessor system on chip (MPSoC) IC the processor is one of the highest heat dissipating devices. The temperature generated in an IC may vary with floor plan of the chip. This paper proposes an integration and thermal analysis…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2012-01-24 Ramya Menon C. , Vinod Pangracious

This paper presents an extensive characterization and modeling of a commercial 28-nm FDSOI CMOS process operating down to cryogenic temperatures. The important cryogenic phenomena influencing this technology are discussed. The…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2019-06-28 Arnout Beckers , Farzan Jazaeri , Heorhii Bohuslavskyi , Louis Hutin , Silvano De Franceschi , Christian Enz

Superconducting quantum computers require microwave control lines running from room temperature to the mixing chamber of a dilution refrigerator. Adding more lines without preliminary thermal modeling to make predictions risks overwhelming…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-16 Naomi Raicu , Tom Hogan , Xian Wu , Mehrnoosh Vahidpour , David Snow , Matthew Hollister , Mark Field

The quantum transduction of an rf/microwave signal to the optical domain, and vice versa, paves the way for technologies that exploit the advantages of each domain to perform quantum operations. Since electro-optomechanical devices…

Access to lower temperatures has consistently enabled scientific breakthroughs. Pushing the limits of \emph{on-chip} temperatures deep into the microkelvin regime would open the door to unprecedented quantum coherence, novel quantum states…

A fundamental challenge of the quantum revolution is to efficiently interface the quantum computing systems operating at cryogenic temperatures with room temperature electronics and media for high data-rate communication. Current approaches…

We report the design-technology co-optimization (DTCO) scheme to develop a 28-nm cryogenic CMOS (Cryo-CMOS) technology for high-performance computing (HPC). The precise adjustment of halo implants manages to compensate the threshold voltage…

While nonclassical light sources are fundamental to quantum communication and computing, solid-state platforms like color centers and quantum dots require cryogenic temperatures to reach the performance levels necessary for practical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-13 Alex H. Rubin , Victoria A. Norman , Marina Radulaski