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We consider a game with two players, consisting of a number of rounds, where the first player to win $n$ rounds becomes the overall winner. Who wins each individual round is governed by a certain urn having two types of balls (type 1 and…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-03-05 Stanislav Volkov , Magnus Wiktorsson

We consider a game with two piles, in which two players take turn to add $a$ or $b$ chips ($a$, $b$ are not necessarily positive) randomly and independently to their respective piles. The player who collects $n$ chips first wins the game.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-03-11 Ho-Hon Leung , Thotsaporn "Aek'' Thanatipanonda

Consider the following probabilistic one-player game: The board is a graph with $n$ vertices, which initially contains no edges. In each step, a new edge is drawn uniformly at random from all non-edges and is presented to the player,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2009-11-20 Michael Belfrage , Torsten Mütze , Reto Spöhel

Let A be a finite subset of the naturals and let n be a natural. Let NIM(A;n) be the two player game in which players alternate removing $a\in A$ stones from a pile with $n$ stones; the first player who cannot move loses. This game has been…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-11-05 Douglas Chen , William Gasarch

We study a combinatorial game derived from a problem in the German National Mathematics Competition. In this game, two players take turns removing numbers from a finite set of natural numbers, aiming to satisfy a certain divisibility…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-08-04 Tim Rammenstein

We consider various probabilistic games with piles for one player or two players. In each round of the game, a player randomly chooses to add $a$ or $b$ chips to his pile under the condition that $a$ and $b$ are not necessarily positive. If…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-01-16 Ho-Hon Leung , Thotsaporn "Aek'' Thanatipanonda

We analyze a coin-based game with two players where, before starting the game, each player selects a string of length $n$ comprised of coin tosses. They alternate turns, choosing the outcome of a coin toss according to specific rules. As a…

Nim is a well-known combinatorial game in which two players alternately remove stones from distinct piles. A player who removes the last stone wins under the normal play rule, while a player loses under the mis\`ere play rule. In this…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-03-10 Hiromi Oginuma , Masato Shinoda

This paper analyzes a simple game with $n$ players. We fix a mean, $\mu$, in the interval $[0, 1]$ and let each player choose any random variable distributed on that interval with the given mean. The winner of the zero-sum game is the…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-04-24 Artem Hulko , Mark Whitmeyer

We consider a random knockout tournament among players $1, \ldots, n$, in which each match involves two players. The match format is specified by the number of matches played in each round, where the constitution of the matches in a round…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-12-15 Ilan Adler , Yang Cao , Richard Karp , Erol Pekoz , Sheldon M. Ross

The classic game of Nim has been well-known for many years, inspiring numerous variations. One such variant is Delete Nim, where players take turns eliminating one pile of stones and splitting the remaining pile into two smaller piles. In…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-12-02 Masato Shinoda

We study the following game. Three players start with initial capitals of $s_{1},s_{2},s_{3}$ dollars; in each round player $P_{m}$ is selected with probability $\frac{1}{3}$; then \emph{he} selects player $P_{n}$ and they play a game in…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Ath. Kehagias , G. Gkyzis , A. Karakoulakis , A. Kyprianidis

We revisit the game in which each of several players chooses a pattern and then a coin is flipped repeatedly until one of these patterns is generated. In particular, we demonstrate how to compute the probability of any one player winning…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-07-07 Jan Vrbik , Paul Vrbik

Let A be a finite subset of $\nat$. Then NIM(A;n) is the following 2-player game: initially there are $n$ stones on the board and the players alternate removing $a\in A$ stones. The first player who cannot move loses. This game has been…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-11-13 William Gasarch , John Purtilo , Douglas Ulrich

This paper studies sequential quantum games under the assumption that the moves of the players are drawn from groups and not just plain sets. The extra group structure makes possible to easily derive some very general results characterizing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-14 Theodore Andronikos

A Subtraction-Division game is a two player combinatorial game with three parameters: a set S, a set D, and a number n. The game starts at n, and is a race to say the number 1. Each player, on their turn, can either move the total to n-s…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-06-05 Elizabeth Kupin

We study a random game in which two players in turn play a fixed number of moves. For each move, there are two possible choices. To each possible outcome of the game we assign a winner in an i.i.d. fashion with a fixed parameter p. In the…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-09-05 Natalia Cardona-Tobón , Anja Sturm , Jan M. Swart

We consider the following one-player game called Dundee. We are given a deck consisting of s_i cards of Value i, where i=1,...,v, and an integer m\le s_1+...+s_v. There are m rounds. In each round, the player names a number between 1 and v…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2008-12-06 Kevin Liwack , Oleg Pikhurko , Suporn Pongnumkul

In this paper we solve the three-player-game question. A three-player-game consists of a series of rounds. There are altogether three players. Two players participate in each round, at the end of the round the loser quits and the third…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-09-11 Fangqi Li

We consider extensive form win-lose games over a complete binary-tree of depth $n$ where players act in an alternating manner. We study arguably the simplest random structure of payoffs over such games where 0/1 payoffs in the leafs are…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2019-09-11 Urban Larsson , Yakov Babichenko
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