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In atmospheric and turbulent flow modeling, Large Eddy Simulation (LES) is often used to reduce computational cost, while observational data typically originates from the underlying physical system. Motivated by this setting, we study a…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2025-08-12 Adam Larios , Ali Pakzad , Nicholas White

Data assimilation refers to the problem of finding trajectories of a prescribed dynamical model in such a way that the output of the model (usually some function of the model states) follows a given time series of observations. Typically…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2015-05-30 Jochen Bröcker , Ivan G. Szendro

Streamflow forecasts are critical to guide water resource management, mitigate drought and flood effects, and develop climate-smart infrastructure and governance. Many global regions, however, have limited streamflow observations to guide…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-18 Roland Oruche , Fearghal O'Donncha

The review describes the development of ideas Gury Ivanovich Marchuk in the field of variational data assimilation for ocean models applied in particular in coupled models for long-range weather forecasts. Particular attention is paid to…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2016-01-07 Christine Kazantsev , Eugene Kazantsev , Mikhail Tolstykh

Wind speed at sea surface is a key quantity for a variety of scientific applications and human activities. Due to the non-linearity of the phenomenon, a complete description of such variable is made infeasible on both the small scale and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Matteo Zambra , Nicolas Farrugia , Dorian Cazau , Alexandre Gensse , Ronan Fablet

Data assimilation algorithms estimate the state of a dynamical system from partial observations, where the successful performance of these algorithms hinges on costly parameter tuning and on employing an accurate model for the dynamics.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-24 Melissa Adrian , Daniel Sanz-Alonso , Rebecca Willett

Floods are among the most destructive natural disasters, which are highly complex to model. The research on the advancement of flood prediction models contributed to risk reduction, policy suggestion, minimization of the loss of human life,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-10 Amir Mosavi , Pinar Ozturk , Kwok-wing Chau

In this work, we present a high-order finite volume framework for the numerical simulation of shallow water flows. The method is designed to accurately capture complex dynamics inherent in shallow water systems, particularly suited for…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-05-14 Mirco Ciallella , Lorenzo Micalizzi , Victor Michel-Dansac , Philipp Öffner , Davide Torlo

We address data assimilation for linear and nonlinear dynamical systems via the so-called \emph{model reference adaptive system}. Continuing our theoretical developments in \cite{Tram_Kaltenbacher_2021}, we deliver the first practical…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-02-12 Benedikt Kaltenbach , Christian Aarset , Tram Thi Ngoc Nguyen

A novel method, based on the combination of data assimilation and machine learning is introduced. The new hybrid approach is designed for a two-fold scope: (i) emulating hidden, possibly chaotic, dynamics and (ii) predicting their future…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-07-27 Julien Brajard , Alberto Carassi , Marc Bocquet , Laurent Bertino

The objective of this three-part work is to formulate and rigorously analyse a number of reduced mathematical models that are nevertheless capable of describing the hydrology at the scale of a river basin (i.e. catchment). Coupled surface…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-12-29 Piotr Morawiecki , Philippe H. Trinh

Particle filters are computational techniques for estimating the state of dynamical systems by integrating observational data with model predictions. This work introduces a class of Localized Particle Filters (LPFs) that exploit spatial…

Applications · Statistics 2025-07-10 Dan Crisan , Eliana Fausti

We develop innovative algorithms for solving the strong-constraint formulation of four-dimensional variational data assimilation in large-scale applications. We present a space-time decomposition approach that employs domain decomposition…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-05-16 Luisa D'Amore. Emil Constantinescu , Luisa Carracciuolo

Watershed models such as the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) consist of high-dimensional physical and empirical parameters. These parameters need to be accurately calibrated for models to produce reliable predictions for streamflow,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-08 M. K. Mudunuru , K. Son , P. Jiang , X. Chen

In this article we develop further an algorithm for data assimilation based upon a shadowing refinement technique [de Leeuw et al., SIAM J. Appl. Dyn. Sys., 17 (2018)] to take partial observations into account. Our method is based on…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-11-13 Bart de Leeuw , Svetlana Dubinkina

Accurate and efficient global ocean state estimation remains a grand challenge for Earth system science, hindered by the dual bottlenecks of computational scalability and degraded data fidelity in traditional data assimilation (DA) and deep…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Yanfei Xiang , Yuan Gao , Hao Wu , Quan Zhang , Ruiqi Shu , Xiao Zhou , Xi Wu , Xiaomeng Huang

In light of growing threats posed by climate change in general and sea level rise (SLR) in particular, the necessity for computationally efficient means to estimate and analyze potential coastal flood hazards has become increasingly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Areg Karapetyan , Aaron Chung Hin Chow , Samer Madanat

Downscaling is necessary to generate high-resolution observation data to validate the climate model forecast or monitor rainfall at the micro-regional level operationally. Dynamical and statistical downscaling models are often used to get…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2023-02-28 Bipin Kumar , Rajib Chattopadhyay , Manmeet Singh , Niraj Chaudhari , Karthik Kodari , Amit Barve

Flooding is a destructive and dangerous hazard and climate change appears to be increasing the frequency of catastrophic flooding events around the world. Physics-based flood models are costly to calibrate and are rarely generalizable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-16 Chelsea Sidrane , Dylan J Fitzpatrick , Andrew Annex , Diane O'Donoghue , Yarin Gal , Piotr Biliński

We commonly refer to state-estimation theory in geosciences as data assimilation. This term encompasses the entire sequence of operations that, starting from the observations of a system, and from additional statistical and dynamical…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2018-06-11 Alberto Carrassi , Marc Bocquet , Laurent Bertino , Geir Evensen
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