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We show that if a graph $G$ with $n \geq 3$ vertices can be drawn in the plane such that each of its edges is involved in at most four crossings, then $G$ has at most $6n-12$ edges. This settles a conjecture of Pach, Radoi\v{c}i\'{c},…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-03-26 Eyal Ackerman

A bisection of a graph is a bipartition of its vertex set in which the number of vertices in the two parts differ by at most 1, and its size is the number of edges which go across the two parts. In this paper, motivated by several questions…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-05-29 Choongbum Lee , Po-Shen Loh , Benny Sudakov

For a graph G, consider the pairs of edge-disjoint matchings whose union consists of as many edges as possible. Let H be the largest matching among such pairs. Let M be a maximum matching of G. We show that 5/4 is a tight upper bound for…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2008-10-09 V. V. Mkrtchyan , V. L. Musoyan , A. V. Tserunyan

We improve the lower bound on the $d$-dimensional rectilinear crossing number of the complete $d$-uniform hypergraph having $2d$ vertices to $\Omega\left(\dfrac{(4\sqrt{2}/3^{3/4})^d}{d}\right)$ from $\Omega(2^d \sqrt{d})$. We also…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-09-21 Rahul Gangopadhyay , Ayan

We show that the number of perfect matching in a simple graph $G$ with an even number of vertices and degree sequence $d_1,d_2, ..., d_n$ is at most $\prod_{i=1}^n (d_i !)^{\frac{1}{2d_i}}$. This bound is sharp if and only if $G$ is a union…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2008-05-26 Noga Alon , Shmuel Friedland

A drawing of a graph is $k$-plane if every edge contains at most $k$ crossings. A $k$-plane drawing is saturated if we cannot add any edge so that the drawing remains $k$-plane. It is well-known that saturated $0$-plane drawings, that is,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-08-30 János Barát , Géza Tóth

Let $G$ be a simple graph with a perfect matching. Deng and Zhang showed that the maximum anti-forcing number of $G$ is no more than the cyclomatic number. In this paper, we get a novel upper bound on the maximum anti-forcing number of $G$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-06-22 Lingjuan Shi , Heping Zhang

The edge-length ratio of a straight-line drawing of a graph is the ratio between the lengths of the longest and of the shortest edge in the drawing. The planar edge-length ratio of a planar graph is the minimum edge-length ratio of any…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-04-14 Manuel Borrazzo , Fabrizio Frati

We study the algorithmic aspect of edge bundling. A bundled crossing in a drawing of a graph is a group of crossings between two sets of parallel edges. The bundled crossing number is the minimum number of bundled crossings that group all…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2016-09-02 Md. Jawaherul Alam , Martin Fink , Sergey Pupyrev

Felsner, Li and Trotter showed that the dimension of the adjacency poset of an outerplanar graph is at most 5, and gave an example of an outerplanar graph whose adjacency poset has dimension 4. We improve their upper bound to 4, which is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-03-09 Marcin Witkowski

An induced matching in a graph is a set of edges whose endpoints induce a $1$-regular subgraph. It is known that any $n$-vertex graph has at most $10^{n/5} \approx 1.5849^n$ maximal induced matchings, and this bound is best possible. We…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-12-19 Manu Basavaraju , Pinar Heggernes , Pim van 't Hof , Reza Saei , Yngve Villanger

The spread of a graph $G$ is the difference between the largest and smallest eigenvalue of the adjacency matrix of $G$. Gotshall, O'Brien and Tait conjectured that for sufficiently large $n$, the $n$-vertex outerplanar graph with maximum…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-09-29 Zelong Li , William Linz , Linyuan Lu , Zhiyu Wang

A matching is a set of edges without common endpoint. It was recently shown that every 1-planar graph (i.e., a graph that can be drawn in the plane with at most one crossing per edge) that has minimum degree 3 has a matching of size at…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2020-03-19 Therese Biedl , Fabian Klute

A graph is $k$-planar if it can be drawn in the plane such that no edge is crossed more than $k$ times. While for $k=1$, optimal $1$-planar graphs, i.e., those with $n$ vertices and exactly $4n-8$ edges, have been completely characterized,…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2017-03-21 Michael A. Bekos , Michael Kaufmann , Chrysanthi N. Raftopoulou

Let $G$ be a drawing of a graph with $n$ vertices and $e>4n$ edges, in which no two adjacent edges cross and any pair of independent edges cross at most once. According to the celebrated Crossing Lemma of Ajtai, Chv\'atal, Newborn,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-01-03 Janos Pach , Geza Toth

A matchstick graph is a plane graph with edges drawn as unit distance line segments. This class of graphs was introduced by Harborth who conjectured that a matchstick graph on $n$ vertices can have at most $\lfloor 3n - \sqrt{12n -…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-06-04 Panna Gehér , Géza Tóth

A k-bend right-angle-crossing drawing or (k-bend RAC drawing}, for short) of a graph is a polyline drawing where each edge has at most k bends and the angles formed at the crossing points of the edges are 90 degrees. Accordingly, a graph…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-09-03 Patrizio Angelini , Michael A. Bekos , Henry Förster , Michael Kaufmann

A 1-plane graph is a graph together with a drawing in the plane in such a way that each edge is crossed at most once. A 1-plane graph is maximal if no edge can be added without violating either 1-planarity or simplicity. Let $m(n)$ denote…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-02-18 Yuanqiu Huang , Zhangdong Ouyang , Licheng Zhang , Fengming Dong

We prove crossing number inequalities for geometric graphs whose vertex sets are taken from a d-dimensional grid of volume N and give applications of these inequalities to counting the number of non-crossing geometric graphs that can be…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-01-23 Vida Dujmovic , Pat Morin , Adam Sheffer

In 1979, Nishizeki and Baybars showed that every planar graph with minimum degree 3 has a matching of size $\frac{n}{3}+c$ (where the constant $c$ depends on the connectivity), and even better bounds hold for planar graphs with minimum…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2020-02-21 Therese Biedl , John Wittnebel