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Large and small language models have been widely used for robotic task planning. At the same time, vision-language models (VLMs) have successfully tackled problems such as image captioning, scene understanding, and visual question…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Cristiano Battistini , Riccardo Andrea Izzo , Gianluca Bardaro , Matteo Matteucci

Large Language Models (LLMs) hold promise in automating data analysis tasks, yet open-source models face significant limitations in these kinds of reasoning-intensive scenarios. In this work, we investigate strategies to enhance the data…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Yuqi Zhu , Yi Zhong , Jintian Zhang , Ziheng Zhang , Shuofei Qiao , Yujie Luo , Lun Du , Da Zheng , Ningyu Zhang , Huajun Chen

We introduce the Yi model family, a series of language and multimodal models that demonstrate strong multi-dimensional capabilities. The Yi model family is based on 6B and 34B pretrained language models, then we extend them to chat models,…

The development of Large Speech-Language Models (LSLMs) has been slowed by fragmented architectures and a lack of transparency, hindering the systematic comparison and reproducibility of research. Unlike in the vision-language domain, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Yirong Sun , Yizhong Geng , Peidong Wei , Yanjun Chen , Jinghan Yang , Rongfei Chen , Wei Zhang , Xiaoyu Shen

Modern artificial intelligence (AI) systems are powered by foundation models. This paper presents a new set of foundation models, called Llama 3. It is a herd of language models that natively support multilinguality, coding, reasoning, and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Aaron Grattafiori , Abhimanyu Dubey , Abhinav Jauhri , Abhinav Pandey , Abhishek Kadian , Ahmad Al-Dahle , Aiesha Letman , Akhil Mathur , Alan Schelten , Alex Vaughan , Amy Yang , Angela Fan , Anirudh Goyal , Anthony Hartshorn , Aobo Yang , Archi Mitra , Archie Sravankumar , Artem Korenev , Arthur Hinsvark , Arun Rao , Aston Zhang , Aurelien Rodriguez , Austen Gregerson , Ava Spataru , Baptiste Roziere , Bethany Biron , Binh Tang , Bobbie Chern , Charlotte Caucheteux , Chaya Nayak , Chloe Bi , Chris Marra , Chris McConnell , Christian Keller , Christophe Touret , Chunyang Wu , Corinne Wong , Cristian Canton Ferrer , Cyrus Nikolaidis , Damien Allonsius , Daniel Song , Danielle Pintz , Danny Livshits , Danny Wyatt , David Esiobu , Dhruv Choudhary , Dhruv Mahajan , Diego Garcia-Olano , Diego Perino , Dieuwke Hupkes , Egor Lakomkin , Ehab AlBadawy , Elina Lobanova , Emily Dinan , Eric Michael Smith , Filip Radenovic , Francisco Guzmán , Frank Zhang , Gabriel Synnaeve , Gabrielle Lee , Georgia Lewis Anderson , Govind Thattai , Graeme Nail , Gregoire Mialon , Guan Pang , Guillem Cucurell , Hailey Nguyen , Hannah Korevaar , Hu Xu , Hugo Touvron , Iliyan Zarov , Imanol Arrieta Ibarra , Isabel Kloumann , Ishan Misra , Ivan Evtimov , Jack Zhang , Jade Copet , Jaewon Lee , Jan Geffert , Jana Vranes , Jason Park , Jay Mahadeokar , Jeet Shah , Jelmer van der Linde , Jennifer Billock , Jenny Hong , Jenya Lee , Jeremy Fu , Jianfeng Chi , Jianyu Huang , Jiawen Liu , Jie Wang , Jiecao Yu , Joanna Bitton , Joe Spisak , Jongsoo Park , Joseph Rocca , Joshua Johnstun , Joshua Saxe , Junteng Jia , Kalyan Vasuden Alwala , Karthik Prasad , Kartikeya Upasani , Kate Plawiak , Ke Li , Kenneth Heafield , Kevin Stone , Khalid El-Arini , Krithika Iyer , Kshitiz Malik , Kuenley Chiu , Kunal Bhalla , Kushal Lakhotia , Lauren Rantala-Yeary , Laurens van der Maaten , Lawrence Chen , Liang Tan , Liz Jenkins , Louis Martin , Lovish Madaan , Lubo Malo , Lukas Blecher , Lukas Landzaat , Luke de Oliveira , Madeline Muzzi , Mahesh Pasupuleti , Mannat Singh , Manohar Paluri , Marcin Kardas , Maria Tsimpoukelli , Mathew Oldham , Mathieu Rita , Maya Pavlova , Melanie Kambadur , Mike Lewis , Min Si , Mitesh Kumar Singh , Mona Hassan , Naman Goyal , Narjes Torabi , Nikolay Bashlykov , Nikolay Bogoychev , Niladri Chatterji , Ning Zhang , Olivier Duchenne , Onur Çelebi , Patrick Alrassy , Pengchuan Zhang , Pengwei Li , Petar Vasic , Peter Weng , Prajjwal Bhargava , Pratik Dubal , Praveen Krishnan , Punit Singh Koura , Puxin Xu , Qing He , Qingxiao Dong , Ragavan Srinivasan , Raj Ganapathy , Ramon Calderer , Ricardo Silveira Cabral , Robert Stojnic , Roberta Raileanu , Rohan Maheswari , Rohit Girdhar , Rohit Patel , Romain Sauvestre , Ronnie Polidoro , Roshan Sumbaly , Ross Taylor , Ruan Silva , Rui Hou , Rui Wang , Saghar Hosseini , Sahana Chennabasappa , Sanjay Singh , Sean Bell , Seohyun Sonia Kim , Sergey Edunov , Shaoliang Nie , Sharan Narang , Sharath Raparthy , Sheng Shen , Shengye Wan , Shruti Bhosale , Shun Zhang , Simon Vandenhende , Soumya Batra , Spencer Whitman , Sten Sootla , Stephane Collot , Suchin Gururangan , Sydney Borodinsky , Tamar Herman , Tara Fowler , Tarek Sheasha , Thomas Georgiou , Thomas Scialom , Tobias Speckbacher , Todor Mihaylov , Tong Xiao , Ujjwal Karn , Vedanuj Goswami , Vibhor Gupta , Vignesh Ramanathan , Viktor Kerkez , Vincent Gonguet , Virginie Do , Vish Vogeti , Vítor Albiero , Vladan Petrovic , Weiwei Chu , Wenhan Xiong , Wenyin Fu , Whitney Meers , Xavier Martinet , Xiaodong Wang , Xiaofang Wang , Xiaoqing Ellen Tan , Xide Xia , Xinfeng Xie , Xuchao Jia , Xuewei Wang , Yaelle Goldschlag , Yashesh Gaur , Yasmine Babaei , Yi Wen , Yiwen Song , Yuchen Zhang , Yue Li , Yuning Mao , Zacharie Delpierre Coudert , Zheng Yan , Zhengxing Chen , Zoe Papakipos , Aaditya Singh , Aayushi Srivastava , Abha Jain , Adam Kelsey , Adam Shajnfeld , Adithya Gangidi , Adolfo Victoria , Ahuva Goldstand , Ajay Menon , Ajay Sharma , Alex Boesenberg , Alexei Baevski , Allie Feinstein , Amanda Kallet , Amit Sangani , Amos Teo , Anam Yunus , Andrei Lupu , Andres Alvarado , Andrew Caples , Andrew Gu , Andrew Ho , Andrew Poulton , Andrew Ryan , Ankit Ramchandani , Annie Dong , Annie Franco , Anuj Goyal , Aparajita Saraf , Arkabandhu Chowdhury , Ashley Gabriel , Ashwin Bharambe , Assaf Eisenman , Azadeh Yazdan , Beau James , Ben Maurer , Benjamin Leonhardi , Bernie Huang , Beth Loyd , Beto De Paola , Bhargavi Paranjape , Bing Liu , Bo Wu , Boyu Ni , Braden Hancock , Bram Wasti , Brandon Spence , Brani Stojkovic , Brian Gamido , Britt Montalvo , Carl Parker , Carly Burton , Catalina Mejia , Ce Liu , Changhan Wang , Changkyu Kim , Chao Zhou , Chester Hu , Ching-Hsiang Chu , Chris Cai , Chris Tindal , Christoph Feichtenhofer , Cynthia Gao , Damon Civin , Dana Beaty , Daniel Kreymer , Daniel Li , David Adkins , David Xu , Davide Testuggine , Delia David , Devi Parikh , Diana Liskovich , Didem Foss , Dingkang Wang , Duc Le , Dustin Holland , Edward Dowling , Eissa Jamil , Elaine Montgomery , Eleonora Presani , Emily Hahn , Emily Wood , Eric-Tuan Le , Erik Brinkman , Esteban Arcaute , Evan Dunbar , Evan Smothers , Fei Sun , Felix Kreuk , Feng Tian , Filippos Kokkinos , Firat Ozgenel , Francesco Caggioni , Frank Kanayet , Frank Seide , Gabriela Medina Florez , Gabriella Schwarz , Gada Badeer , Georgia Swee , Gil Halpern , Grant Herman , Grigory Sizov , Guangyi , Zhang , Guna Lakshminarayanan , Hakan Inan , Hamid Shojanazeri , Han Zou , Hannah Wang , Hanwen Zha , Haroun Habeeb , Harrison Rudolph , Helen Suk , Henry Aspegren , Hunter Goldman , Hongyuan Zhan , Ibrahim Damlaj , Igor Molybog , Igor Tufanov , Ilias Leontiadis , Irina-Elena Veliche , Itai Gat , Jake Weissman , James Geboski , James Kohli , Janice Lam , Japhet Asher , Jean-Baptiste Gaya , Jeff Marcus , Jeff Tang , Jennifer Chan , Jenny Zhen , Jeremy Reizenstein , Jeremy Teboul , Jessica Zhong , Jian Jin , Jingyi Yang , Joe Cummings , Jon Carvill , Jon Shepard , Jonathan McPhie , Jonathan Torres , Josh Ginsburg , Junjie Wang , Kai Wu , Kam Hou U , Karan Saxena , Kartikay Khandelwal , Katayoun Zand , Kathy Matosich , Kaushik Veeraraghavan , Kelly Michelena , Keqian Li , Kiran Jagadeesh , Kun Huang , Kunal Chawla , Kyle Huang , Lailin Chen , Lakshya Garg , Lavender A , Leandro Silva , Lee Bell , Lei Zhang , Liangpeng Guo , Licheng Yu , Liron Moshkovich , Luca Wehrstedt , Madian Khabsa , Manav Avalani , Manish Bhatt , Martynas Mankus , Matan Hasson , Matthew Lennie , Matthias Reso , Maxim Groshev , Maxim Naumov , Maya Lathi , Meghan Keneally , Miao Liu , Michael L. Seltzer , Michal Valko , Michelle Restrepo , Mihir Patel , Mik Vyatskov , Mikayel Samvelyan , Mike Clark , Mike Macey , Mike Wang , Miquel Jubert Hermoso , Mo Metanat , Mohammad Rastegari , Munish Bansal , Nandhini Santhanam , Natascha Parks , Natasha White , Navyata Bawa , Nayan Singhal , Nick Egebo , Nicolas Usunier , Nikhil Mehta , Nikolay Pavlovich Laptev , Ning Dong , Norman Cheng , Oleg Chernoguz , Olivia Hart , Omkar Salpekar , Ozlem Kalinli , Parkin Kent , Parth Parekh , Paul Saab , Pavan Balaji , Pedro Rittner , Philip Bontrager , Pierre Roux , Piotr Dollar , Polina Zvyagina , Prashant Ratanchandani , Pritish Yuvraj , Qian Liang , Rachad Alao , Rachel Rodriguez , Rafi Ayub , Raghotham Murthy , Raghu Nayani , Rahul Mitra , Rangaprabhu Parthasarathy , Raymond Li , Rebekkah Hogan , Robin Battey , Rocky Wang , Russ Howes , Ruty Rinott , Sachin Mehta , Sachin Siby , Sai Jayesh Bondu , Samyak Datta , Sara Chugh , Sara Hunt , Sargun Dhillon , Sasha Sidorov , Satadru Pan , Saurabh Mahajan , Saurabh Verma , Seiji Yamamoto , Sharadh Ramaswamy , Shaun Lindsay , Shaun Lindsay , Sheng Feng , Shenghao Lin , Shengxin Cindy Zha , Shishir Patil , Shiva Shankar , Shuqiang Zhang , Shuqiang Zhang , Sinong Wang , Sneha Agarwal , Soji Sajuyigbe , Soumith Chintala , Stephanie Max , Stephen Chen , Steve Kehoe , Steve Satterfield , Sudarshan Govindaprasad , Sumit Gupta , Summer Deng , Sungmin Cho , Sunny Virk , Suraj Subramanian , Sy Choudhury , Sydney Goldman , Tal Remez , Tamar Glaser , Tamara Best , Thilo Koehler , Thomas Robinson , Tianhe Li , Tianjun Zhang , Tim Matthews , Timothy Chou , Tzook Shaked , Varun Vontimitta , Victoria Ajayi , Victoria Montanez , Vijai Mohan , Vinay Satish Kumar , Vishal Mangla , Vlad Ionescu , Vlad Poenaru , Vlad Tiberiu Mihailescu , Vladimir Ivanov , Wei Li , Wenchen Wang , Wenwen Jiang , Wes Bouaziz , Will Constable , Xiaocheng Tang , Xiaojian Wu , Xiaolan Wang , Xilun Wu , Xinbo Gao , Yaniv Kleinman , Yanjun Chen , Ye Hu , Ye Jia , Ye Qi , Yenda Li , Yilin Zhang , Ying Zhang , Yossi Adi , Youngjin Nam , Yu , Wang , Yu Zhao , Yuchen Hao , Yundi Qian , Yunlu Li , Yuzi He , Zach Rait , Zachary DeVito , Zef Rosnbrick , Zhaoduo Wen , Zhenyu Yang , Zhiwei Zhao , Zhiyu Ma

Large language models demonstrate remarkable proficiency in various linguistic tasks and have extensive knowledge across various domains. Although they perform best in English, their ability in other languages is notable too. In contrast,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-15 Pedram Rostami , Ali Salemi , Mohammad Javad Dousti

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities across various fields. However, their performance in technical domains such as telecommunications remains underexplored. This paper evaluates two open-source LLMs, Gemma 3 27B…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Arina Caraus , Alessio Buscemi , Sumit Kumar , Ion Turcanu

This paper presents improved native unified multimodal models, \emph{i.e.,} Show-o2, that leverage autoregressive modeling and flow matching. Built upon a 3D causal variational autoencoder space, unified visual representations are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Jinheng Xie , Zhenheng Yang , Mike Zheng Shou

Probing techniques for large language models (LLMs) have primarily focused on English, overlooking the vast majority of the world's languages. In this paper, we extend these probing methods to a multilingual context, investigating the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-03 Daoyang Li , Haiyan Zhao , Qingcheng Zeng , Mengnan Du

We present GLM-4.1V-Thinking, GLM-4.5V, and GLM-4.6V, a family of vision-language models (VLMs) designed to advance general-purpose multimodal understanding and reasoning. In this report, we share our key findings in the development of the…

Recent multimodal large language models (MLLMs) show great potential in natural image understanding. Yet, they perform well, mainly on reasoning in-view contents within the image frame. This paper presents the first study on out-of-view…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Qixiang Chen , Cheng Zhang , Chi-Wing Fu , Jingwen Ye , Jianfei Cai

With the rapid advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AI), Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly impacted a wide array of domains, including healthcare, engineering, science, education, and mathematical reasoning. Among these,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Afrar Jahin , Arif Hassan Zidan , Wei Zhang , Yu Bao , Tianming Liu

Recent advances in reasoning-focused large language models (LLMs) mark a shift from general LLMs toward models designed for complex decision-making, a crucial aspect in medicine. However, their performance in specialized domains like…

Recent advancements in large reasoning models have fueled growing interest in extending such capabilities to multimodal domains. However, despite notable progress in visual reasoning, the lack of transparent and reproducible data curation…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Kaichen Zhang , Keming Wu , Zuhao Yang , Bo Li , Kairui Hu , Bin Wang , Ziwei Liu , Xingxuan Li , Lidong Bing

In this paper, we introduce an open-source Korean-English vision-language model (VLM), VARCO-VISION. We incorporate a step-by-step training strategy that allows a model learn both linguistic and visual information while preserving the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Jeongho Ju , Daeyoung Kim , SunYoung Park , Youngjune Kim

Reinforcement learning scaling enhances the reasoning capabilities of large language models, with reinforcement learning serving as the key technique to draw out complex reasoning. However, key technical details of state-of-the-art…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Xinhan Di , JoyJiaoW

Large language and vision models (LLVMs) have been driven by the generalization power of large language models (LLMs) and the advent of visual instruction tuning. Along with scaling them up directly, these models enable LLVMs to showcase…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-26 Byung-Kwan Lee , Sangyun Chung , Chae Won Kim , Beomchan Park , Yong Man Ro

Detecting successful behaviour is crucial for training intelligent agents. As such, generalisable reward models are a prerequisite for agents that can learn to generalise their behaviour. In this work we focus on developing robust success…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-14 Yuqing Du , Ksenia Konyushkova , Misha Denil , Akhil Raju , Jessica Landon , Felix Hill , Nando de Freitas , Serkan Cabi

We introduce CompareBench, a benchmark for evaluating visual comparison reasoning in vision-language models (VLMs), a fundamental yet understudied skill. CompareBench consists of 1000 QA pairs across four tasks: quantity (600), temporal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Jie Cai , Kangning Yang , Lan Fu , Jiaming Ding , Jinlong Li , Huiming Sun , Daitao Xing , Jinglin Shen , Zibo Meng

We introduce LLaMA, a collection of foundation language models ranging from 7B to 65B parameters. We train our models on trillions of tokens, and show that it is possible to train state-of-the-art models using publicly available datasets…