GLM-4.5V and GLM-4.1V-Thinking: Towards Versatile Multimodal Reasoning with Scalable Reinforcement Learning
Abstract
We present GLM-4.1V-Thinking, GLM-4.5V, and GLM-4.6V, a family of vision-language models (VLMs) designed to advance general-purpose multimodal understanding and reasoning. In this report, we share our key findings in the development of the reasoning-centric training framework. We first develop a capable vision foundation model with significant potential through large-scale pre-training, which arguably sets the upper bound for the final performance. We then propose Reinforcement Learning with Curriculum Sampling (RLCS) to unlock the full potential of the model, leading to comprehensive capability enhancement across a diverse range of tasks, including STEM problem solving, video understanding, content recognition, coding, grounding, GUI-based agents, and long document interpretation. In a comprehensive evaluation across 42 public benchmarks, GLM-4.5V achieves state-of-the-art performance on nearly all tasks among open-source models of similar size, and demonstrates competitive or even superior results compared to closed-source models such as Gemini-2.5-Flash on challenging tasks including Coding and GUI Agents. Meanwhile, the smaller GLM-4.1V-9B-Thinking remains highly competitive-achieving superior results to the much larger Qwen2.5-VL-72B on 29 benchmarks. We open-source both GLM-4.1V-9B-Thinking and GLM-4.5V. We further introduce the GLM-4.6V series, open-source multimodal models with native tool use and a 128K context window. A brief overview is available at https://z.ai/blog/glm-4.6v. Code, models and more information are released at https://github.com/zai-org/GLM-V.
Keywords
Cite
@article{arxiv.2507.01006,
title = {GLM-4.5V and GLM-4.1V-Thinking: Towards Versatile Multimodal Reasoning with Scalable Reinforcement Learning},
author = {V Team and Wenyi Hong and Wenmeng Yu and Xiaotao Gu and Guo Wang and Guobing Gan and Haomiao Tang and Jiale Cheng and Ji Qi and Junhui Ji and Lihang Pan and Shuaiqi Duan and Weihan Wang and Yan Wang and Yean Cheng and Zehai He and Zhe Su and Zhen Yang and Ziyang Pan and Aohan Zeng and Baoxu Wang and Bin Chen and Boyan Shi and Changyu Pang and Chenhui Zhang and Da Yin and Fan Yang and Guoqing Chen and Haochen Li and Jiale Zhu and Jiali Chen and Jiaxing Xu and Jiazheng Xu and Jing Chen and Jinghao Lin and Jinhao Chen and Jinjiang Wang and Junjie Chen and Leqi Lei and Letian Gong and Leyi Pan and Mingdao Liu and Mingde Xu and Mingzhi Zhang and Qinkai Zheng and Ruiliang Lyu and Shangqin Tu and Sheng Yang and Shengbiao Meng and Shi Zhong and Shiyu Huang and Shuyuan Zhao and Siyan Xue and Tianshu Zhang and Tianwei Luo and Tianxiang Hao and Tianyu Tong and Wei Jia and Wenkai Li and Xiao Liu and Xiaohan Zhang and Xin Lyu and Xinyu Zhang and Xinyue Fan and Xuancheng Huang and Yadong Xue and Yanfeng Wang and Yanling Wang and Yanzi Wang and Yifan An and Yifan Du and Yiheng Huang and Yilin Niu and Yiming Shi and Yu Wang and Yuan Wang and Yuanchang Yue and Yuchen Li and Yusen Liu and Yutao Zhang and Yuting Wang and Yuxuan Zhang and Zhao Xue and Zhengxiao Du and Zhenyu Hou and Zihan Wang and Peng Zhang and Debing Liu and Bin Xu and Juanzi Li and Minlie Huang and Yuxiao Dong and Jie Tang},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2507.01006},
year = {2026}
}