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Building on the work of Yang, Key, and Muller, we investigate the spectral theory of solvable Lie algebras through their characteristic polynomials and associated spectral invariants. We begin by studying the general case: we compare two…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2025-09-29 Gary Hu

Let $P(x)\in \mathbb{Z}[x]$ be a polynomial with at least two distinct complex roots. We prove that the number of solutions $(x_1, \dots, x_k, y_1, \dots, y_k)\in [N]^{2k}$ to the equation \[ \prod_{1\le i \le k} P(x_i) = \prod_{1\le j \le…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-08-19 Victor Y. Wang , Max Wenqiang Xu

Let $a,b>0$ be coprime integers. Assuming a conjecture on Hecke eigenvalues along binary cubic forms, we prove an asymptotic formula for the number of primes of the form $ax^2+by^3$ with $x \leq X^{1/2}$ and $y \leq X^{1/3}$. The proof…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-03-10 Jori Merikoski

In this paper we completely solve a simple quartic family of Thue equations over $\mathbb{C}(T)$. Specifically, we apply the ABC-Theorem to find all solutions $(x,y) \in \mathbb{C}[T] \times \mathbb{C}[T]$ to the set of Thue equations…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-11-17 Bernadette Faye , Ingrid Vukusic , Ezra Waxman , Volker Ziegler

We consider small solutions of quadratic congruences of the form $x_1^2+\alpha_2x_2^2+\alpha_3x_3^2\equiv 0 \bmod{q}$, where $q=p^m$ is an odd prime power. Here, $\alpha_2$ is arbitrary but fixed and $\alpha_3$ is variable, and we assume…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-04-24 Stephan Baier , Aishik Chattopadhyay

We study small non-trivial solutions of quadratic congruences of the form $x_1^2+\alpha_2x_2^2+\alpha_3x_3^2\equiv 0 \bmod{q}$, with $q$ being an odd natural number, in an average sense. This extends previous work of the authors in which…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-09-04 Stephan Baier , Aishik Chattopadhyay

This is the first paper that provides a systematic treatment of the $r$-dimensional PTE problem in additive number theory, abbreviated by PTE$_r$, through its connection with combinatorial design theory, the branch of combinatorial…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-03-20 Munenori Inagaki , Hideki Matsumura , Masanori Sawa , Yukihiro Uchida

Twisting a binary form $F_0(X,Y)\in{\mathbb{Z}}[X,Y]$ of degree $d\ge 3$ by powers $\upsilon^a$ ($a\in{\mathbb{Z}}$) of an algebraic unit $\upsilon$ gives rise to a binary form $F_a(X,Y)\in{\mathbb{Z}}[X,Y]$. More precisely, when $K$ is a…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2017-12-06 Claude Levesque , Michel Waldschmidt

For positive integers $n>k$, let $P_{n,k}(x)=\displaystyle\sum_{j=0}^k \binom{n}{j}x^j $ be the polynomial obtained by truncating the binomial expansion of $(1+x)^n$ at the $k^{th}$ stage. These polynomials arose in the investigation of…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2013-06-05 Sudesh K. Khanduja , Ramneek Khassa , Shanta Laishram

In this paper, we introduce a new and direct approach to study the solvability of systems of equations generated by bilinear forms. More precisely, let $B (\cdot, \cdot)$ be a non-degenerate bilinear form and $E$ be a set in…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-05-07 Thang Pham , Steven Senger , Nguyen Trung-Tuan , Nguyen Duc-Thang , Le Anh Vinh

R\"ockner and Zhang in [27] proved the existence of a unique strong solution to a stochastic tamed 3D Navier-Stokes equation in the whole space and for the periodic boundary case using a result from [31]. In the latter case, they also…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2020-05-20 Zdzisław Brzeźniak , Gaurav Dhariwal

We are interested in the existence of normalized solutions to the problem \begin{equation*} \begin{cases} (-\Delta)^m u+\frac{\mu}{|y|^{2m}}u + \lambda u = g(u), \quad x = (y,z) \in \mathbb{R}^K \times \mathbb{R}^{N-K}, \\…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2024-08-01 Bartosz Bieganowski , Jarosław Mederski , Jacopo Schino

The Laguerre functions $l_{n,\tau}^\alpha$, $n=0,1,\dots$, are constructed from generalized Laguerre polynomials. The functions $l_{n,\tau}^\alpha$ depend on two parameters: scale $\tau>0$ and order of generalization $\alpha>-1$, and form…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-12-13 E. D. Khoroshikh , V. G. Kurbatov

\begin{abstract} This paper deals with an extremal problem for bounded harmonic functions in the unit ball $\mathbb{B}^n.$ We solve the Khavinson conjecture in $\mathbb{R}^3,$ an intriguing open question since 1992 posed by D. Khavinson,…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2020-06-19 Petar Melentijević

We study systems of parameters over finite fields from a probabilistic perspective, and use this to give the first effective Noether normalization result over a finite field. Our central technique is an adaptation of Poonen's closed point…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2019-12-11 Juliette Bruce , Daniel Erman

Let $F \in \mathbb Z[x, y]$ be an irreducible binary form of degree $d \geq 7$ and content one. Let $\alpha$ be a root of $F(x, 1)$ and assume that the field extension $\mathbb Q(\alpha)/\mathbb Q$ is Galois. We prove that, for every…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2022-06-29 Anton Mosunov

We consider binomial Thue equations of type $x^n-my^n=\pm 1$ in $x,y\in Z$. Optimizing the method of Peth\H o we perform an extensive calculation by a high performance computer to determine all solutions with $\max(|x|,|y|)<10^{500}$ of…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2018-10-04 István Gaál , László Remete

We investigate the existence of normalized solutions for the following nonlinear fractional Choquard equation: $$ (-\Delta)^s u+V(\epsilon x)u=\lambda u+\left(I_\alpha *|u|^q\right)|u|^{q-2} u+\left(I_\alpha *|u|^p\right)|u|^{p-2} u, \quad…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2025-11-13 Yongpeng Chen , Zhipeng Yang , Jianjun Zhang

The Hasse principle and weak approximation is established for equations of the shape P(t)=N(x_1,x_2,x_3,x_4), where P is an irreducible quadratic polynomial in one variable and N is a norm form associated to a quartic extension of the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2011-09-02 T. D. Browning , D. R. Heath-Brown

This paper is concerned with the existence of solutions to the problem $$-\left(a+ b\int_{\mathbb{R}^{N}}|\nabla u|^{2} dx \right)\Delta u +V(x)u+\lambda u = |u|^{p-2}u,\ \ x \in \mathbb{R}^{N},\ \ \lambda \in \mathbb{R}^{+} $$ where $a,…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2023-01-20 Shuai Mo , Shiwang Ma