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Small Solutions of generic ternary quadratic congruences

Number Theory 2025-04-24 v5

Abstract

We consider small solutions of quadratic congruences of the form x12+α2x22+α3x320modqx_1^2+\alpha_2x_2^2+\alpha_3x_3^2\equiv 0 \bmod{q}, where q=pmq=p^m is an odd prime power. Here, α2\alpha_2 is arbitrary but fixed and α3\alpha_3 is variable, and we assume that (α2α3,q)=1(\alpha_2\alpha_3,q)=1. We show that for all α3\alpha_3 modulo qq which are coprime to qq except for a small number of α3\alpha_3's, an asymptotic formula for the number of solutions (x1,x2,x3)(x_1,x_2,x_3) to the congruence x12+α2x22+α3x320modqx_1^2+\alpha_2x_2^2+\alpha_3x_3^2\equiv 0 \bmod{q} with max{x1,x2,x3}N\max\{|x_1|,|x_2|,|x_3|\}\le N holds if Nq11/24+εN\ge q^{11/24+\varepsilon} as qq tends to infinity over the set of all odd prime powers. It is of significance that we break the barrier 1/2 in the above exponent. If qq is restricted to powers pmp^m of a {\it fixed} prime pp and mm tends to infinity, we obtain a slight improvement of this result using the theory of pp-adic exponent pairs, as developed by Mili\'cevi\'c, replacing the exponent 11/2411/24 above by 11/2511/25. Under the Lindel\"of hypothesis for Dirichlet LL-functions, we are able to replace the exponent 11/2411/24 above by 1/31/3.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2406.09778,
  title  = {Small Solutions of generic ternary quadratic congruences},
  author = {Stephan Baier and Aishik Chattopadhyay},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2406.09778},
  year   = {2025}
}

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10 pages