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Ecology and evolution under changing environments are important in many subfields of biology with implications for medicine. Here, we explore an example: the consequences of fluctuating environments on the emergence of antibiotic…
Controlling material properties by modulating the crystalline structure has been attempted using various techniques, e.g., hydrostatic pressure, chemical pressure, and epitaxy. These techniques succeed to improve properties and achieve…
Photosynthetic algae play a significant role in oceanic carbon capture. Their performance, however, is constantly challenged by fluctuations in environmental light conditions. Here, we show that the non-motile single-celled marine…
Two-dimensional arsenic allotropes have been grown on metallic surfaces, while topological properties have been theoretically described on strained structures. Here we experimentally grow arsenene by molecular beam epitaxy over the…
About 4 billion years ago, the Earth probably fulfilled the environmental conditions necessary to favour the transition from primitive chemistry to life. Based on a theoretical hairpin duplication origin of tRNAs and their putative…
In many species, genomic data have revealed pervasive adaptive evolution indicated by the fixation of beneficial alleles. However, when selection pressures are highly variable along a species range or through time adaptive alleles may…
ATP synthases utilize a proton motive force to synthesize ATP. In reverse, these membrane-embedded enzymes can also hydrolyze ATP to pump protons over the membrane. To prevent wasteful ATP hydrolysis, distinct control mechanisms exist for…
The history of the Earth has been marked by major ecological transitions, driven by metabolic innovation, that radically reshaped the composition of the oceans and atmosphere. The nature and magnitude of the earliest transitions, hundreds…
The pace and unpredictability of evolution are critically relevant in a variety of modern challenges: combating drug resistance in pathogens and cancer, understanding how species respond to environmental perturbations like climate change,…
Autonomous agriculture applications (e.g., inspection, phenotyping, plucking fruits) require manipulating the plant foliage to look behind the leaves and the branches. Partial visibility, extreme clutter, thin structures, and unknown…
The indigenous oak species (Quercus spp.) of the Upper Rhine Valley have migrated to their current distribution range in the area after the transition to the Holocene interglacial. Since post-glacial recolonization, they have been subjected…
Our understanding of the evolutionary process has gone a long way since the publication, 150 years ago, of "On the origin of species" by Charles R. Darwin. The XXth Century witnessed great efforts to embrace replication, mutation, and…
The evolution of antibiotic resistance among bacteria threatens our continued ability to treat infectious diseases. The need for sustainable strategies to cure bacterial infections has never been greater. So far, all attempts to restore…
Ecological selection forces for weedy and domesticated traits have influenced the evolution of seed shape in Setaria resulting in similarity in seed shape that reflects similarity in ecological function rather than reflecting phylogenetic…
In biological systems, expression dynamics to shape a fitted phenotype for function has evolved through mutations to genes, as observed in the evolution of funnel landscape in protein. We study this evolutionary process with a…
Understanding the relationship between genomic variation and variation in phenotypes for quantitative traits such as physiology, yield, fitness or behavior, will provide important insights for both predicting adaptive evolution and for…
Species sharing a prey or a predator species may go extinct due to exploitative or apparent competition. We examine whether evolution of the shared species acts as a coexistence mechanism and to what extent the answer depends on the genetic…
The evolutionary significance of hybridization and subsequent introgression has long been appreciated, but evaluation of the genome-wide effects of these phenomena has only recently become possible. Crop-wild study systems represent ideal…
We investigate a simple quantitative genetics model subjet to a gradual environmental change from the viewpoint of the phylogenies of the living individuals. We aim to understand better how the past traits of their ancestors are shaped by…
Rough diamond anvils (rough-DA) are introduced to intensify all occurring processes during an in-situ study of heterogeneous compression of strongly pre-deformed Zr in diamond anvil cell (DAC). Crystallite size and dislocation density of Zr…