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Related papers: TinyVers: A Tiny Versatile System-on-chip with Sta…

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Flexible Electronics (FE) technology offers uniquecharacteristics in electronic manufacturing, providing ultra-low-cost, lightweight, and environmentally-friendly alternatives totraditional rigid electronics. These characteristics enable a…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Polykarpos Vergos , Theofanis Vergos , Florentia Afentaki , Konstantinos Balaskas , Georgios Zervakis

Results from the TinyML community demonstrate that, it is possible to execute machine learning models directly on the terminals themselves, even if these are small microcontroller-based devices. However, to date, practitioners in the domain…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-15 Zhaolan Huang , Koen Zandberg , Kaspar Schleiser , Emmanuel Baccelli

The sustained growth of carbon emissions and global waste elicits significant sustainability concerns for our environment's future. The growing Internet of Things (IoT) has the potential to exacerbate this issue. However, an emerging area…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-22 Shvetank Prakash , Matthew Stewart , Colby Banbury , Mark Mazumder , Pete Warden , Brian Plancher , Vijay Janapa Reddi

This research empirically examines embedded development tools viable for on-device TinyML implementation. The research evaluates various development tools with various abstraction levels on resource-constrained IoT devices, from basic…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-04-12 Enzo Scaffi , Antoine Bonneau , Frédéric Le Mouël , Fabien Mieyeville

Machine learning on tiny IoT devices based on microcontroller units (MCU) is appealing but challenging: the memory of microcontrollers is 2-3 orders of magnitude smaller even than mobile phones. We propose MCUNet, a framework that jointly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-11-20 Ji Lin , Wei-Ming Chen , Yujun Lin , John Cohn , Chuang Gan , Song Han

Smart sensors are an emerging technology that allows combining the data acquisition with the elaboration directly on the Edge device, very close to the sensors. To push this concept to the extreme, technology companies are proposing a new…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-01 Andrea Ronco , Lukas Schulthess , David Zehnder , Michele Magno

The end of Dennard scaling has pushed power consumption into a first order concern for current systems, on par with performance. As a result, near-threshold voltage computing (NTVC) has been proposed as a potential means to tackle the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2015-03-30 Charalampos Chalios , Dimitrios S. Nikolopoulos , Enrique S. Quintana-Orti

In the past decades, there has been a significant increase in sensor density and sensor deployment, driven by a significant miniaturization and decrease in size down to the chip level, addressing ubiquitous computing, edge computing, as…

Operating Systems · Computer Science 2023-02-20 Stefan Bosse , Sarah Bornemann , Björn Lüssem

With the proliferation of IoT and edge devices, we are observing a lot of consumer electronics becoming yet another IoT and edge devices. Unlike traditional smart devices, such as smart phones, consumer electronics, in general, have…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-01-25 Geunsik Lim , MyungJoo Ham , Jijoong Moon , Wook Song , Sangjung Woo , Sewon Oh

Advances in Tiny Machine Learning (TinyML) have bolstered the creation of smart industry solutions, including smart agriculture, healthcare and smart cities. Whilst related research contributes to enabling TinyML solutions on constrained…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-11 Jared M. Ping , Ken J. Nixon

Low-Latency IoT applications such as autonomous vehicles, augmented/virtual reality devices and security applications require high computation resources to make decisions on the fly. However, these kinds of applications cannot tolerate…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-01-31 Amine Abouaomar , Soumaya Cherkaoui , Zoubeir Mlika , Abdellatif Kobbane

The deployment of transformer-based models on resource-constrained edge devices represents a critical challenge in enabling real-time artificial intelligence applications. This comprehensive survey examines lightweight transformer…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Hema Hariharan Samson

The increasing complexity of Internet-of-Things (IoT) applications and near-sensor processing algorithms is pushing the computational power of low-power, battery-operated end-node systems. This trend also reveals growing demands for…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-09-07 Hayate Okuhara , Ahmed Elnaqib , Martino Dazzi , Pierpaolo Palestri , Simone Benatti , Luca Benini , Davide Rossi

Wireless protocol design for IoT networks is an active area of research which has seen significant interest and developments in recent years. The research community is however handicapped by the lack of a flexible, easily deployable…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-07-04 Mehrdad Hessar , Ali Najafi , Vikram Iyer , Shyamnath Gollakota

Along with the progress of AI democratization, machine learning (ML) has been successfully applied to edge applications, such as smart phones and automated driving. Nowadays, more applications require ML on tiny devices with extremely…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-15 Yuhong Song , Edwin Hsing-Mean Sha , Qingfeng Zhuge , Rui Xu , Yongzhuo Zhang , Bingzhe Li , Lei Yang

The growing demand for low-power and area-efficient TinyML inference on AIoT devices necessitates memory architectures that minimise data movement while sustaining high computational efficiency. This paper presents FERMI-ML, a Flexible and…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Mukul Lokhande , Akash Sankhe , S. V. Jaya Chand , Santosh Kumar Vishvakarma

Extended reality (XR) applications are Machine Learning (ML)-intensive, featuring deep neural networks (DNNs) with millions of weights, tightly latency-bound (10-20 ms end-to-end), and power-constrained (low tens of mW average power). While…

Serving large language models (LLMs) efficiently remains challenging due to the high memory and latency overhead of key-value (KV) cache access during autoregressive decoding. We present \textbf{TinyServe}, a lightweight and extensible…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Dong Liu , Yanxuan Yu

Graphics processing units (GPUs) excel at parallel processing, but remain largely unexplored in ultra-low-power edge devices (TinyAI) due to their power and area limitations, as well as the lack of suitable programming frameworks. To…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Simone Machetti , Pasquale Davide Schiavone , Lara Orlandic , Darong Huang , Deniz Kasap , Giovanni Ansaloni , David Atienza

The rapid growth of microcontroller-based IoT devices has opened up numerous applications, from smart manufacturing to personalized healthcare. Despite the widespread adoption of energy-efficient microcontroller units (MCUs) in the Tiny…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-26 Giorgos Armeniakos , Georgios Mentzos , Dimitrios Soudris