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Evaluating the cognitive capacities of large language models (LLMs) requires overcoming not only anthropomorphic but also anthropocentric biases. This article identifies two types of anthropocentric bias that have been neglected:…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Raphaël Millière , Charles Rathkopf

Human society had a long history of suffering from cognitive biases leading to social prejudices and mass injustice. The prevalent existence of cognitive biases in large volumes of historical data can pose a threat of being manifested as…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-07-29 Procheta Sen , Debasis Ganguly

In automated pronunciation assessment, recent emphasis progressively lies on evaluating multiple aspects to provide enriched feedback. However, acquiring multi-aspect-score labeled data for non-native language learners' speech poses…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Heejin Do , Wonjun Lee , Gary Geunbae Lee

Meta-analysis is a systematic approach for understanding a phenomenon by analyzing the results of many previously published experimental studies. It is central to deriving conclusions about the summary effect of treatments and interventions…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-04-13 Lu Cheng , Dmitriy A. Katz-Rogozhnikov , Kush R. Varshney , Ioana Baldini

Vision-language (VL) models, pretrained on colossal image-text datasets, have attained broad VL competence that is difficult to evaluate. A common belief is that a small number of VL skills underlie the variety of VL tests. In this paper,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Anthony Meng Huat Tiong , Junqi Zhao , Boyang Li , Junnan Li , Steven C. H. Hoi , Caiming Xiong

Double-blind peer review mechanism has become the skeleton of academic research across multiple disciplines including computer science, yet several studies have questioned the quality of peer reviews and raised concerns on potential biases…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-11-14 Jiayao Zhang , Hongming Zhang , Zhun Deng , Dan Roth

Several benchmarks have been built with heavy investment in resources to track our progress in NLP. Thousands of papers published in response to those benchmarks have competed to top leaderboards, with models often surpassing human…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-17 Swaroop Mishra , Anjana Arunkumar , Chris Bryan , Chitta Baral

Translate-test is a popular technique to improve the performance of multilingual language models. This approach works by translating the input into English using an external machine translation system, and running inference over the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-03 Julen Etxaniz , Gorka Azkune , Aitor Soroa , Oier Lopez de Lacalle , Mikel Artetxe

We present Multi-EuP, a new multilingual benchmark dataset, comprising 22K multi-lingual documents collected from the European Parliament, spanning 24 languages. This dataset is designed to investigate fairness in a multilingual information…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Jinrui Yang , Timothy Baldwin , Trevor Cohn

Realignment is a promising strategy to improve cross-lingual transfer in multilingual language models. However, empirical results are mixed and often unreliable, particularly for typologically distant or low-resource languages (LRLs)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Quang Phuoc Nguyen , David Anugraha , Felix Gaschi , Jun Bin Cheng , En-Shiun Annie Lee

Multilingual Large Language Models (LLMs) offer powerful capabilities for cross-lingual fact-checking. However, these models often exhibit language bias, performing disproportionately better on high-resource languages such as English than…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Ivan Vykopal , Antonia Karamolegkou , Jaroslav Kopčan , Qiwei Peng , Tomáš Javůrek , Michal Gregor , Marián Šimko

Bilingual and multilingual language models offer a promising path toward scaling NLP systems across diverse languages and users. However, their performance often varies wildly between languages as prior works show that adding more languages…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Skyler Seto , Maartje ter Hoeve , Maureen de Seyssel , David Grangier

We describe an algorithm for automatic classification of idiomatic and literal expressions. Our starting point is that words in a given text segment, such as a paragraph, that are highranking representatives of a common topic of discussion…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-02-28 Jing Peng , Anna Feldman , Ekaterina Vylomova

Emerging research on bias attribution and interpretability have revealed how tokens contribute to biased behavior in language models processing English texts. We build on this line of inquiry by adapting the information-theoretic bias…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Lance Calvin Lim Gamboa , Yue Feng , Mark Lee

The use of linguistic typological resources in natural language processing has been steadily gaining more popularity. It has been observed that the use of typological information, often combined with distributed language representations,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-06 Alexander Gutkin , Tatiana Merkulova , Martin Jansche

Large language models (LLMs) are advancing at an unprecedented pace globally, with regions increasingly adopting these models for applications in their primary language. Evaluation of these models in diverse linguistic environments,…

Pre-trained contextual representations have led to dramatic performance improvements on a range of downstream tasks. Such performance improvements have motivated researchers to quantify and understand the linguistic information encoded in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-28 Alexander Immer , Lucas Torroba Hennigen , Vincent Fortuin , Ryan Cotterell

Although the multilingual capability of LLMs offers new opportunities to overcome the language barrier, do these capabilities translate into real-life scenarios where linguistic divide and knowledge conflicts between multilingual sources…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-26 Nikhil Sharma , Kenton Murray , Ziang Xiao

Recent Quality Estimation (QE) models based on multilingual pre-trained representations have achieved very competitive results when predicting the overall quality of translated sentences. Predicting translation errors, i.e. detecting…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-08-30 Marina Fomicheva , Lucia Specia , Nikolaos Aletras

A fundamental result in psycholinguistics is that less predictable words take a longer time to process. One theoretical explanation for this finding is Surprisal Theory (Hale, 2001; Levy, 2008), which quantifies a word's predictability as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Ethan Gotlieb Wilcox , Tiago Pimentel , Clara Meister , Ryan Cotterell , Roger P. Levy