Related papers: Physics-Based and Closed-Form Model for Cryo-CMOS …

Previous cryogenic electronics studies are most above 4.2K. In this paper we present the cryogenic characterization of a 0.18{\mu}m standard bulk CMOS technology(1.8V and 5V) at sub-kelvin temperature around 270mK. PMOS and NMOS devices…

We perform the characterization and modeling of a floating-gate device realized with a commercial 350-nm CMOS technology at cryogenic temperature. The programmability of the device offers a solution in the realization of a precise and…

We report the design-technology co-optimization (DTCO) scheme to develop a 28-nm cryogenic CMOS (Cryo-CMOS) technology for high-performance computing (HPC). The precise adjustment of halo implants manages to compensate the threshold voltage…

Semiconductor integrated circuits operated at cryogenic temperature will play an essential role in quantum computing architectures. These can offer equivalent or superior performance to their room-temperature counterparts while enabling a…

Atomic-resolution cryogenic scanning transmission electron microscopy (cryo-STEM) has provided a path to probing the microscopic nature of select low-temperature phases in quantum materials. Expanding cryo-STEM techniques to broadly tunable…

On-chip thermometry at deep-cryogenic temperatures is vital in quantum computing applications to accurately quantify the effect of increased temperature on qubit performance. In this work, we present a sub-1 K temperature sensor in CMOS…

This work presents a self-heating study of a 40-nm bulk-CMOS technology in the ambient temperature range from 300 K down to 4.2 K. A custom test chip was designed and fabricated for measuring both the temperature rise in the MOSFET channel…

Future quantum computing architectures require electro-optic materials that maintain a strong, stable performance at cryogenic temperatures. In conventional electro-optic materials, large electro-optic coefficients are often confined to…

A cryogen-free cryostat cooled using a 4 K commercial GM or pulse tube cryocooler (PTC) displays temperature oscillations caused by the intrinsic working principle of the regenerative cryocooler. To dampen such oscillations usually requires…

This paper presents the design and benchmarking of cryogenic bulk-FETs using an experimentally calibrated TCAD framework that integrates 2-D electrostatics and interface-trap effects from $T = 2$ K to 300 K. For a 28-nm node device, carrier…

The most promising quantum algorithms require quantum processors hosting millions of quantum bits when targeting practical applications. A major challenge towards large-scale quantum computation is the interconnect complexity. In current…

Fast feedback from cryogenic electrical characterization measurements is key for the development of scalable quantum computing technology. At room temperature, high-throughput device testing is accomplished with a probe-based solution,…

As technology scales down, the static power is expected to become a significant fraction of the total power. The exponential dependence of static power with the operating temperature makes the thermal profile estimation of high-performance…

Finite-temperature calculations are relevant for rationalizing material properties yet they are computationally expensive because large system sizes or long simulation times are typically required. Circumventing the need for performing many…

As CMOS technology scales down, thermal fluctuations increasingly impact circuit behavior, posing challenges to conventional circuit design. However, the inherent stochasticity introduced by thermal noise is now being explored as a…

In this paper a commercial 28-nm FDSOI CMOS technology is characterized and modeled from room temperature down to 4.2 K. Here we explain the influence of incomplete ionization and interface traps on this technology starting from the…

Cooling systems based on the caloric effects of ferroic materials show high potential for various cooling and heat-pumping applications due to their potentially high efficiencies and the lack of any environmentally hazardous refrigerants.…

Continuing advancements in quantum information processing have caused a paradigm shift from research mainly focused on testing the reality of quantum mechanics to engineering qubit devices with numbers required for practical quantum…

A cryogen-free cryostat cooled by a closed cycle cryocooler is compact, can provide uninterrupted long-term operation (up to ten thousand hours) and is suited to temperatures from 3 K to 300 K. Its intrinsic temperature oscillation,…

A scaled-up quantum computer will require a highly efficient control interface that autonomously manipulates and reads out large numbers of qubits, which for solid-state implementations are usually held at millikelvin (mK) temperatures.…