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6G facilitates deployment of Federated Learning (FL) in the Space-Air-Ground Integrated Network (SAGIN), yet FL confronts challenges such as resource constrained and unbalanced data distribution. To address these issues, this paper proposes…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Haitao Zhao , Xiaoyu Tang , Bo Xu , Jinlong Sun , Linghao Zhang

Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) swarms must exploit machine learning (ML) in order to execute various tasks ranging from coordinated trajectory planning to cooperative target recognition. However, due to the lack of continuous connections…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-11 Tengchan Zeng , Omid Semiari , Mohammad Mozaffari , Mingzhe Chen , Walid Saad , Mehdi Bennis

Federated edge learning (FEEL) enables distributed model training across wireless devices without centralising raw data, but deployment is constrained by the wireless uplink. A promising direction is over-the-air (OTA) aggregation, which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Antonio Tarizzo , Mohammad Kazemi , Deniz Gündüz

Federated learning (FL) has emerged as a promising distributed training paradigm for Low Earth Orbit (LEO) networks by significantly reducing communication overhead. However, its deployment faces critical challenges, e.g., topology-induced…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-07 Jinhao Yi , Weijun Gao , Chong Han , Ozgur Gurbuz , Josep M. Jornet

Federated Learning (FL) enables distributed model training on edge devices while preserving data privacy. However, FL deployments in wireless networks face significant challenges, including communication overhead, unreliable connectivity,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-30 Abdelaziz Salama , Mohammed M. H. Qazzaz , Syed Danial Ali Shah , Maryam Hafeez , Syed Ali Zaidi , Hamed Ahmadi

To exploit massive amounts of data generated at mobile edge networks, federated learning (FL) has been proposed as an attractive substitute for centralized machine learning (ML). By collaboratively training a shared learning model at edge…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Hang Liu , Xiaojun Yuan , Ying-Jun Angela Zhang

The provision of communication services via portable and mobile devices, such as aerial base stations, is a crucial concept to be realized in 5G/6G networks. Conventionally, IoT/edge devices need to transmit the data directly to the base…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-21 Sunder Ali Khowaja , Kapal Dev , Parus Khuwaja , Paolo Bellavista

In post-disaster space-air-ground integrated networks (SAGINs), terrestrial infrastructure is often impaired, and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) must rapidly restore connectivity for mission-critical ground terminals in cluttered…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-18 Liangshun Wu , Wen Chen , Shunqing Zhang , Yajun Wang , Kunlun Wang

In this letter, we introduce over-the-air computation into the communication design of federated multi-task learning (FMTL), and propose an over-the-air federated multi-task learning (OA-FMTL) framework, where multiple learning tasks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-26 Haoming Ma , Xiaojun Yuan , Dian Fan , Zhi Ding , Xin Wang , Jun Fang

Over-the-air federated learning (OTA-FL) provides bandwidth-efficient learning by leveraging the inherent superposition property of wireless channels. Personalized federated learning balances performance for users with diverse datasets,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Jiayu Mao , Aylin Yener

In the era of 6G Air-Ground Integrated Networks (AGINs), Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are pivotal for providing on-demand wireless coverage in mission-critical environments, such as post-disaster rescue operations. However, traditional…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Chuan-Chi Lai , Chi Jai Choy

Space-air-ground integrated network (SAGIN) is a new type of wireless network mode. The effective management of SAGIN resources is a prerequisite for high-reliability communication. However, the storage capacity of space-air network segment…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-02-07 Chao Wang , Lei Liu , Chunxiao Jiang , Shangguang Wang , Peiying Zhang , Shigen Shen

Over-the-Air Federated Learning (AirFL) is an emerging paradigm that tightly integrates wireless signal processing and distributed machine learning to enable scalable AI at the network edge. By leveraging the superposition property of…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Seyed Mohammad Azimi-Abarghouyi , Carlo Fischione , Kaibin Huang

Recently emerged 6G space-air-ground integrated networks (SAGINs), which integrate satellites, aerial networks, and terrestrial communications, offer ubiquitous coverage for various mobile applications. However, the highly dynamic, open,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-08 Qi Qin , Xinye Cao , Guoshun Nan , Sihan Chen , Rushan Li , Li Su , Haitao Du , Qimei Cui , Pengxuan Mao , Xiaofeng Tao , Tony Q. S. Quek

Federated learning (FL) has become a transformative paradigm for distributed machine learning across wireless networks. However, the performance of FL is often hindered by the unreliable communication links between resource-constrained…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-28 Xuhui Zhang , Wenchao Liu , Jinke Ren , Huijun Xing , Gui Gui , Yanyan Shen , Shuguang Cui

In this paper, we investigate a computing task scheduling problem in space-air-ground integrated network (SAGIN) for delay-oriented Internet of Things (IoT) services. In the considered scenario, an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) collects…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-06 Conghao Zhou , Wen Wu , Hongli He , Peng Yang , Feng Lyu , Nan Cheng , Xuemin , Shen

Vertical federated learning (FL) is a collaborative machine learning framework that enables devices to learn a global model from the feature-partition datasets without sharing local raw data. However, as the number of the local intermediate…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-05-11 Yuanming Shi , Shuhao Xia , Yong Zhou , Yijie Mao , Chunxiao Jiang , Meixia Tao

Ubiquitous intelligence has been widely recognized as a critical vision of the future sixth generation (6G) networks, which implies the intelligence over the whole network from the core to the edge including end devices. Nevertheless,…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Yuben Qu , Chao Dong , Jianchao Zheng , Haipeng Dai , Fan Wu , Song Guo , Alagan Anpalagan

Over-the-air federated learning (OTA-FL) integrates communication and model aggregation by exploiting the innate superposition property of wireless channels. The approach renders bandwidth efficient learning, but requires care in handling…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-09-19 Jiayu Mao , Aylin Yener

Over-the-Air Federated Learning (OTA-FL) is a privacy-preserving distributed learning mechanism, by aggregating updates in the electromagnetic channel rather than at the server. A critical research gap in existing OTA-FL research is the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Jinsheng Yuan , Zhuangkun Wei , Weisi Guo