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The aim of this short note is twofold. We formulate the general Kermack-McKendrick epidemic model incorporating static heterogeneity and show how it simplifies to a scalar Renewal Equation (RE) when separable mixing is assumed. A key…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2023-08-01 M. C. J. Bootsma , K. M. D. Chan , O. Diekmann , H. Inaba

In this paper, we consider the infection-age-dependent Kermack--McKendrick model in which host individuals are distributed in a continuous state space. To provide a mathematical foundation for the heterogeneous model, we develop a…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2023-11-21 Hisashi Inaba

In this paper, an epidemic model with spatial dependence is studied and results regarding its stability and numerical approximation are presented. We consider a generalization of the original Kermack and McKendrick model in which the size…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-04-05 Bálint Takács , Yiannis Hadjimichael

The primary tool for predicting infectious disease spread and intervention effectiveness is the mass action Susceptible-Infected-Recovered model of Kermack and McKendrick. Its usefulness derives largely from its conceptual and mathematical…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2015-09-03 Joel C. Miller , Anja C. Slim , Erik M. Volz

We develop a general modelling framework for compartmental epidemiological systems structured by continuous variables which are linked to the levels of expression of compartment-specific traits. We start by formulating an individual-based…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2025-08-14 Emanuele Bernardi , Tommaso Lorenzi , Mattia Sensi , Andrea Tosin

This work proposes and analyzes a family of spatially inhomogeneous epidemic models. This is our first effort to use stochastic partial differential equations (SPDEs) to model epidemic dynamics with spatial variations and environmental…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2020-01-01 Dang H Nguyen , Nhu N Nguyen , George Yin

This work considers an extension of the SIR equations from epidemiology that includes a spatial variable. This model, referred to as the Kermack-McKendrick equations (KM), is a pair of diffusive partial differential equations, and methods…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2021-09-21 C. Holliman , H. Prieto

A generalization of Kermack-McKendick model of epidemics to the case of inhomogeneous susceptibility of population is proposed. Some quantitative and qualitative features of epidemic process development in this situation are established.

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2008-11-20 E. Sh. Gutshabash , M. M. Brook

In this work we look at several mathematical models that have been constructed during the present pandemic to address dfferent issues of importance to public health policies about epidemic scenarios and thier causes. We start by briefly…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2021-04-19 Jorge X. Velasco-Hernandez

We propose an approach to model spatial heterogeneity in SIR-type models for the spread of epidemics via \emph{nonlocal aggregation terms}. More precisely, we first consider an SIR model with spatial movements driven by nonlocal aggregation…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2025-04-03 Marco Di Francesco , Fatemeh Ghaderi Zefreh

In this paper we introduce an agent-based epidemiological model that generalizes the classical SIR model by Kermack and McKendrick. We further provide a multiscale approach to the derivation of a macroscopic counterpart via the mean-field…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2022-03-31 Markus Schmidtchen , Oliver Tse , Stephan Wackerle

We study a class of individual-based, fixed-population size epidemic models under general assumptions, e.g., heterogeneous contact rates encapsulating changes in behavior and/or enforcement of control measures. We show that the…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-07-04 Jean-Jil Duchamps , Félix Foutel-Rodier , Emmanuel Schertzer

We introduce a kinetic model that couples the movement of a population of individuals with the dynamics of a pathogen in the same population. We consider that transmission occurs when a susceptible and an infectious individual are…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2026-01-30 Carolina Strecht-Fernandes , Fabio A. C. C. Chalub

Since the start of the still ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, there have been many modeling efforts to assess several issues of importance to public health. In this work, we review the theory behind some important mathematical models that have…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2022-01-06 Fernando Saldaña , Jorge X Velasco-Hernández

We investigate the global dynamics of a general Kermack-McKendrick-type epidemic model formulated in terms of a system of renewal equations. Specifically, we consider a renewal model for which both the force of infection and the infected…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2018-10-04 Michael T. Meehan , Daniel G. Cocks , Johannes Müller , Emma S. McBryde

A broad class of systems, including ecological, epidemiological, and sociological ones, are characterized by populations of individuals assigned to specific categories, e.g., a chemical species, an opinion or an epidemic state, that are…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-07-17 Giorgio Vittorio Visco , Johannes Nauta , Tomas Scagliarini , Oriol Artime , Manlio De Domenico

Here we propose and implement a generalized mathematical model to find the time evolution of population in infectious diseases and apply the model to study the recent COVID-19 pandemic. Our model at the core is a non-local generalization of…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2020-05-01 Saumyak Mukherjee , Sayantan Mondal , Biman Bagchi

We develop a stochastic epidemic model progressing over dynamic networks, where infection rates are heterogeneous and may vary with individual-level covariates. The joint dynamics are modeled as a continuous-time Markov chain such that…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-12-16 Fan Bu , Allison E. Aiello , Alexander Volfovsky , Jason Xu

We propose a compartmental model for epidemiology wherein the population is split into groups with either comply or refuse to comply with protocols designed to slow the spread of a disease. Parallel to the disease spread, we assume that…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2025-11-27 Christian Parkinson , Weinan Wang

At the onset of the Covid-19 pandemic, a number of non-pharmaceutical interventions have been implemented in order to reduce transmission, thus leading to multiple phases of transmission. The disease reproduction number $R_t$, a way of…

Applications · Statistics 2023-05-03 Petros Barmpounakis , Nikolaos Demiris
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