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We define a game semantics for second order classical arithmetic PA2 (with quantifiers over predicates on integers and full comprehension axiom). Our semantics is effective: moves are described by a finite amount of information and whenever…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2016-10-28 Stefano Berardi

We develop methods to formally describe and compare games, in order to probe questions of game structure and design, and as a stepping stone to predicting player behavior from design patterns. We define a grammar-like formalism to describe…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-01-05 Paul Riggins , David McPherson

We study two-player games played on the infinite graph of sentential forms induced by a context-free grammar (that comes with an ownership partitioning of the non-terminals). The winning condition is inclusion of the derived terminal word…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2016-11-02 Lukáš Holík , Roland Meyer , Sebastian Muskalla

We present a game semantics for Linear Logic, in which formulas denote games and proofs denote winning strategies. We show that our semantics yields a categorical model of Linear Logic and prove full completeness for Multiplicative Linear…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2013-11-26 Samson Abramsky , Radha Jagadeesan

An extension of the WHILE-language is developed for programming game-theoretic mechanisms involving multiple agents. Examples of such mechanisms include auctions, voting procedures, and negotiation protocols. A structured operational…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Marc Pauly

Computing equilibria of games is a central task in computer science. A large number of results are known for \emph{Nash equilibrium} (NE). However, these can be adopted only when coalitions are not an issue. When instead agents can form…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2017-11-20 Nicola Gatti , Marco Rocco , Tuomas Sandholm

We discuss winning possibilities of players in various variants of cops and robber game played on large random graphs, a testbed for various kinds of network queries, search problems in particular. We explore the use of logic frameworks to…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Sourav Chakraborty , Sujata Ghosh , Smiha Samanta

This work is a contribution to the study of rewrite games. Positions are finite words, and the possible moves are defined by a finite number of local rewriting rules. We introduce and investigate taking-and-merging games, that is, where…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Eric Duchêne , Victor Marsault , Aline Parreau , Michel Rigo

It is well known that in games with imperfect information, such as poker, bluffing with some probability can be a component of the optimal strategy. However, as far as we know, nobody has ever exhibited a Scrabble position in which the…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2025-09-16 Nick Ballard , Timothy Y. Chow

We provide a winning strategy for sums of games of MARK-t, an impartial game played on the nonnegative integers where each move consists of subtraction by an integer between 1 and t-1 inclusive, or division by t, rounding down when…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-08-10 Alan Guo

Advice-efficient prediction with expert advice (in analogy to label-efficient prediction) is a variant of prediction with expert advice game, where on each round of the game we are allowed to ask for advice of a limited number $M$ out of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-04-15 Yevgeny Seldin , Peter Bartlett , Koby Crammer

Probabilistic puzzles can be confusing, partly because they are formulated in natural languages - full of unclarities and ambiguities - and partly because there is no widely accepted and intuitive formal language to express them. We propose…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Elena Di Lavore , Bart Jacobs , Mario Román

Dialogue games are two-player logic games between a Proponent who puts forward a logical formula A as valid or true and an Opponent who disputes this. An advantage of the dialogical approach is that it is a uniform framework from which…

Logic · Mathematics 2014-01-07 Jesse Alama , Sara Uckelman

Game theory is a powerful framework for reasoning about strategic interactions, with applications in domains ranging from day-to-day life to international politics. However, applying formal reasoning tools in such contexts is challenging,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Agnieszka Mensfelt , Kostas Stathis , Vince Trencsenyi

An evolutionary approach for computing the winning strategy for Nim-like games is proposed in this paper. The winning strategy is computed by using the Multi Expression Programming (MEP) technique - a fast and efficient variant of the…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-09-28 Mihai Oltean

Tumbleweed is a popular two-player perfect-information new territorial game played at the prestigious Mind Sport Olympiad. We define a generalized version of the game, where the board size is arbitrary and so is the possible number of…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Lear Bahack

We study alternating good-for-games (GFG) automata, i.e., alternating automata where both conjunctive and disjunctive choices can be resolved in an online manner, without knowledge of the suffix of the input word still to be read. We show…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2020-02-19 Udi Boker , Denis Kuperberg , Karoliina Lehtinen , Michał Skrzypczak

We analyse the computational complexity of finding Nash equilibria in turn-based stochastic multiplayer games with omega-regular objectives. We show that restricting the search space to equilibria whose payoffs fall into a certain interval…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2015-07-01 Michael Ummels , Dominik Wojtczak

We consider the cops and robber game variant consisting of one cop and one robber on time-varying graphs (TVG). The considered TVGs are edge periodic graphs, i.e., for each edge, a binary string $s_e$ determines in which time step the edge…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2021-07-13 Nils Morawietz , Petra Wolf

A group-word w is called concise if whenever the set of w-values in a group G is finite it always follows that the verbal subgroup w(G) is finite. More generally, a word w is said to be concise in a class of groups X if whenever the set of…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2014-06-30 Robert Guralnick , Pavel Shumyatsky