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Osteoporosis is a common disease that increases fracture risk. Hip fractures, especially in elderly people, lead to increased morbidity, decreased quality of life and increased mortality. Being a silent disease before fracture, osteoporosis…
Aging interventions frequently improve function and healthspan without arresting long-term deterioration, indicating that existing frameworks do not fully specify the control conditions required for bounded organismal aging. A compact…
Background: Gliomas are the most common brain tumors, which vary from low to high-grade. Despite the improvements in imaging techniques in the last decade, all parts of the tumor are not visible in these images, due to having a threshold of…
Intracortical US imaging extends B-mode imaging into bone using a dedicated image reconstruction algorithm that corrects for refraction at the bone-soft tissue interfaces. It has shown promising results in a few healthy, predominantly young…
Detecting structural chromosomal abnormalities is crucial for accurate diagnosis and management of genetic disorders. However, collecting sufficient structural abnormality data is extremely challenging and costly in clinical practice, and…
High-dose-rate brachytherapy is a tumor treatment method where a highly radioactive source is brought in close proximity to the tumor. In this paper we develop a simulated annealing algorithm to optimize the dwell times at preselected dwell…
The need for tomographic reconstruction from sparse measurements arises when the measurement process is potentially harmful, needs to be rapid, or is uneconomical. In such cases, information from previous longitudinal scans of the same…
Summary Osteoporosis is a skeletal disorder, characterized by a decrease in bone strength and puts the individual at risk for fracture. On the other hand, rheumatoid arthritis is a systemic disease of unknown etiology that causes…
Radiotherapy treatment planning is a challenging large-scale optimization problem plagued by uncertainty. Following the robust optimization methodology, we propose a novel, spatially based uncertainty set for robust modeling of radiotherapy…
BACKGROUND: Proptosis is characterized by a protrusion of the eyeball due to an increase of the orbital tissue volume. To recover a normal eyeball positioning, the most frequent surgical technique consists in the osteotomy of orbital walls…
High energy impacts at joint locations often generate highly fragmented, or comminuted, bone fractures. Current approaches for treatment require physicians to decide how to classify the fracture within a hierarchy fracture severity…
Osteoporosis, a major global epidemic, often goes undetected until a fracture occurs, largely due to poor access to screening using gold standard methods, such as dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). As a potential nonionizing radiation…
Understanding structure-property relations is essential to optimally design materials for specific applications. Two-scale simulations are often employed to analyze the effect of the microstructure on a component's macroscopic properties.…
This paper deals with the classic radiotherapy dose fractionation problem for cancer tumors concerning the following goals: a) To maximize the effect of radiation on the tumor, restricting the effect produced to the organs at risk (healing…
Glioblastoma multiforme, the most frequent type of primary brain tumor, is a rapidly evolving and spatially heterogeneous high-grade astrocytoma that presents areas of necrosis, hypercellularity and microvascular hyperplasia. The aberrant…
The modeling of damage processes in materials constitutes an ill-posed mathematical problem which manifests in mesh-dependent finite element results. The loss of ellipticity of the discrete system of equations is counteracted by…
Disordered solids often change their elastic response as they slowly age. Using experiments and simulations, we study how aging disordered planar networks under an applied stress affects their nonlinear elastic response. We are able to…
Bacterial colonization ofimplanted biomedical devicesis themain cause of healthcare-associated infections, estimated to be 8.8 million per year in Europe. Many infections originate from damaged skin, which lets microorganisms exploit…
Background: Mechanotransduction in bone cells plays a pivotal role in osteoblast differentiation and bone remodelling. Mechanotransduction provides the link between modulation of the extracellular matrix and intracellular actions. By…
Bone tissue mechanical properties and trabecular microarchitecture are the main factors that determine the biomechanical properties of cancellous bone. Artificial cancellous microstructures, typically described by a reduced number of…