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Oncolytic virotherapy is an experimental cancer treatment that uses genetically engineered viruses to target and kill cancer cells. One major limitation of this treatment is that virus particles are rapidly cleared by the immune system,…
At the physiological level, aging is neither rigid nor unchangeable. Instead, the molecular and mechanisms driving aging are sufficiently plastic that a variety of diverse interventions--dietary, pharmaceutical, and genetic--have been…
A computational framework is presented to numerically simulate the effects of antihypertensive drugs, in particular calcium channel blockers, on the mechanical response of arterial walls. A stretch-dependent smooth muscle model by Uhlmann…
In this paper we develop a lattice-based computational model focused on bone resorption by osteoclasts in a single cortical basic multicellular unit (BMU). Our model takes into account the interaction of osteoclasts with the bone matrix,…
Metastases increase the risk of fracture when affecting the femur. Consequently, clinicians need to know if the patients femur can withstand the stress of daily activities. The current tools used in clinics are not sufficiently precise. A…
The problem of chemotherapy treatment optimization can be defined in order to minimize the size of the tumor without endangering the patient's health; therefore, chemotherapy requires to achieve a number of objectives, simultaneously. For…
Structural cellular materials in nature, such as wood, trabecular bone, corals, and dentin combine complex biological functions with structural roles, such as skeletal support and impact protection1,2. They feature complex structural…
Osteosarcoma is the most common primary bone cancer whose standard treatment includes pre-operative chemotherapy followed by resection. Chemotherapy response is used for predicting prognosis and further management of patients. Necrosis is…
This paper deals with the simulateneous optimization of a subset $\mathcal{O}_0$ of some domain $\Omega$ and its complement $\mathcal{O}_1 = \Omega \setminus \overline{\mathcal{O}}_0$ both considered as separate elastic objects subject to a…
Generative foundation models can remove visual artifacts through realistic image inpainting, but their impact on medical AI performance remains uncertain. Pediatric hand radiographs often contain non-anatomical markers, and it is unclear…
In unilateral pelvic fracture reductions, surgeons attempt to reconstruct the bone fragments such that bilateral symmetry in the bony anatomy is restored. We propose to exploit this "structurally symmetric" nature of the pelvic bone, and…
Disease-modifying management aims to prevent deterioration and progression of the disease, not just relieve symptoms. Unfortunately, the development of necessary therapies is often hampered by the failure to recognize the presymptomatic…
This preliminary study focuses on the development of a medical image segmentation algorithm based on artificial intelligence for calculating bone growth in contact with metallic implants. %as a result of the problem of estimating the growth…
Purpose: Experimental measurements of bone mineral density distributions (BMDDs) enable a determination of secondary mineralisation kinetics in bone, but the maximum degree of mineralisation and how this maximum is approached remain…
Combination chemotherapy treatment regimens created for patients diagnosed with childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia have had great success in improving cure rates. Unfortunately, patients prescribed these types of treatment regimens have…
In this paper, we develop new methods for estimating average treatment effects in observational studies, focusing on settings with more than two treatment levels under unconfoundedness given pre-treatment variables. We emphasize…
Uncompressed clinical data from modern positron emission tomography (PET) scanners are very large, exceeding 350 million data points (projection bins). The last decades have seen tremendous advancements in mathematical imaging tools many of…
This paper proposes a computer-assisted system for the surgical treatment of exophthalmia. This treatment is classically characterized by a de-compression of the orbit, by the mean of an orbital walls osteotomy. The plan-ning of this…
Bone remodelling is carried out by `bone multicellular units' (BMUs) in which active osteoclasts and active osteoblasts are spatially and temporally coupled. The refilling of new bone by osteoblasts towards the back of the BMU occurs at a…
Analyzing outcomes in long-term cancer survivor studies can be complex. The effects of predictors on the failure process may be difficult to assess over longer periods of time, as the commonly used assumption of proportionality of hazards…