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We present the characterization of a readout Application-Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) for the CMS Endcap Timing Layer (ETL) of the High-Luminosity LHC upgrade with charge injection. The ASIC, named ETROC and developed in a 65 nm CMOS…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2021-09-03 H. Sun , D. Gong , W. Zhang , C. Edwards , c G. Huang , X. Huang , C. Liu , T. Liu , T. Liu , J. Olsen , Q. Sun , J. Wu , J. Ye , L. Zhang

We present an FPGA-based readout chip emulator board for the CMS Endcap Timing Layer (ETL) detector upgrade. The emulator board uses an Intel Cyclone 10 GX FPGA to emulate the digital functions of four Endcap Layer Readout Chips (ETROCs).…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2023-03-01 L. Zhang , C. Edwards , D. Gong , X. Huang , J. Lee , C. Liu , T. Liu , T. Liu , J. Olsen , Q. Sun , J. Wu , J. Ye , W Zhang

We present the design and characterization of the first full chain precision timing prototype ASIC, named ETL Readout Chip version 1 (ETROC1) for the CMS MTD endcap timing layer (ETL) upgrade. The ETL utilizes Low Gain Avalanche Diode…

We present the implementation and verification of an in-pixel automatic threshold calibration circuit for the CMS Endcap Timing Layer (ETL) in the High-Luminosity LHC upgrade. The discriminator threshold of the ETL readout chip (ETROC)…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2021-10-04 H. Sun , D. Gong , C. Edwards , G. Huang , X. Huang , C. Liu , T. Liu , T. Liu , J. Olsen , Q. Sun , J. Wu , J. Ye , L. Zhang , W. Zhang

This paper presents a low power, low jitter LC phase locked loop (PLL) which has been designed and fabricated in a commercial 0.25-um Silicon-on-Sapphire CMOS technology. Random jitter and deterministic jitter of the PLL are 1.3 ps and 7.5…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2022-02-14 Tiankuan Liu

We present a readout chip prototype for future pixel detectors with timing capabilities. The prototype is intended for characterizing 4D pixel arrays with a pixel size of $100\times100~\mu \text{m}^2$, where the sensors are Low Gain…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2023-02-15 Matias Senger , Lea Caminada , Benjamin Kilminster , Anna Macchiolo , Beat Meier , Stephan Wiederkehr

The analog front-end for the Low Gain Avalanche Detector (LGAD) based precision timing application in the CMS Endcap Timing Layer (ETL) has been prototyped in a 65 nm CMOS mini-ASIC named ETROC0. Serving as the very first prototype of ETL…

The presented paper introduces a design for a phase-locked loop (PLL) that is utilized in frequency synthesis and modulation-demodulation within communication systems and in VLSI applications. The CMOS PLL is designed using 180 nm…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-21 Priyam Kumar , Akshada Khele , Aditee C. Joshi

We present the design and test results of a Time-to-Digital-Converter (TDC). The TDC will be a part of the readout ASIC, called ETROC, to read out Low-Gain Avalanche Detectors (LGADs) for the CMS Endcap Timing Layer (ETL) of High-Luminosity…

The upgrade of ATLAS Liquid Argon Calorimeter (LAr) Phase-1 trigger requires high-speed, low-latency data transmission to read out the Lar Trigger Digitizer Board (LTDB). A dual-channel transmitter ASIC LOCx2 have been designed and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-06-04 Zhi-yue Wang , Tian-kuan Liu , Qi-jie Tang , Yi Feng , Jian Wang

The upgrade of the ATLAS Liquid Argon Calorimeter readout system calls for the development of radiation tolerant, high speed and low power serializer ASIC. We have designed a phase locked loop using a commercial 0.25 um Silicon-on-Sapphire…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2024-01-31 Tiankuan Liu , Datao Gong , Suen Hou , Zhihua Liang , Chonghan Liu , Da-Shung Su , Ping-Kun Teng , Annie C. Xiang , Jingbo Ye

A low-power integer-N frequency synthesizer for flexible on-chip clock generation has been designed in 65 nm CMOS technology. The circuit can be programmed to generate two independent low-jitter clocks between 30 MHz and 3 GHz that are…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-16 Soumyajit Mandal , Piotr Maj , Grzegorz W. Deptuch

A 33.6 ps LSB Time-to-Digital converter was designed in 130 nm BiCMOS technology. The core of the converter is a differential 9-stage ring oscillator, based on a multi-path architecture. A novel version of this design is proposed, along…

The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN plans to have a series of upgrades to increase its instantaneous luminosity to 7.5 the nominal luminosity. The increased luminosity drastically impacts the ATLAS trigger and readout data rates. The…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2022-05-25 T. Alexopoulos , T. Geralis , P. Gkountoumis , L. Levinson , I. Mesolongitis , O. Zormpa

Modern communication and computer systems require rapid (Gbps), efficient and large bandwidth data transfers. Agressive scaling of digital integrated systems allow buses and communication controller circuits to be integrated with the…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2012-01-10 Zainab Ashari , Anis Nurashikin Nordin

CEPC (Circular Electron and Positron Collider) is a large experiment facility proposed by Chinese particle physics community. One of its running option is being the Higgs factory. Calorimeter is the main part of this experiment to measure…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2019-09-04 Yu Wang , Shubin Liu , Changqing Feng , Zhongtao Shen , Junbin Zhang , Daojin Hong , Jianbei Liu , Yi Zhou

Power dissipation in integrated circuits is one of the major concerns to the research community, at the verge when more number of transistors are integrated on a single chip. The substantial source of power dissipation in sequential…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2018-05-22 Pritam Bhattacharjee , Bipasha Nath , Alak Majumder

A tutorial on opto-electronic clock regeneration at very high bit rates beyond reach with purely electronic solutions is given. Emphasis is placed on sum frequency generation in a nonlinear material such as LiNbO3. We first provide a basic…

Optics · Physics 2025-10-27 Palle Jeppesen , Bjarne Tromborg

An eight chip InGrid module has been tested as readout of a prototype time projection chamber. The construction of the modules as well as first preliminary results are presented. The InGrids, a Micromegas like amplification structure with a…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2014-01-20 M. Lupberger

ATLAS LAr calorimeter will perform its Phase-I upgrade during the long shut down (LS2) in 2018, a new LAr Trigger Digitizer Board (LTDB) will be designed and installed. Several commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) multichannel high-speed ADCs…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2016-11-23 Hongbin Liu , Hucheng Chen , Kai Chen , James Kierstead , Francesco Lanni , Helio Takai , Ge Jin
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