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We propose novel algorithms for sequence prediction based on ideas from stringology. These algorithms are time and space efficient and satisfy mistake bounds related to particular stringological complexity measures of the sequence. In this…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Vanessa Kosoy

The main subject of the paper is everywhere complex sequences. An everywhere complex sequence is a sequence that does not contain substrings of Kolmogorov complexity less than $\alpha n-O(1)$ where $n$ is the length of substring and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2010-09-21 Andrey Rumyantsev

We show that any automatic sequence can be separated into a structured part and a Gowers uniform part in a way that is considerably more efficient than guaranteed by the Arithmetic Regularity Lemma. For sequences produced by strongly…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2023-05-25 Jakub Byszewski , Jakub Konieczny , Clemens Müllner

In this paper, the construction of finite-length binary sequences whose nonlinear complexity is not less than half of the length is investigated. By characterizing the structure of the sequences, an algorithm is proposed to generate all…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-12-27 Sicheng Liang , Xiangyong Zeng , Zibi Xiao , Zhimin Sun

Let $k\ge 2$. We prove that the characteristic sequence of a regular language over a $k$-letter alphabet is $k$-automatic. More generally, if $t\ge 2$ and $t,k$ are multiplicatively dependent, we show that the characteristic sequence of a…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2018-07-24 Michel Rigo , Robert Underwood

We consider Rote words, which are infinite binary words with factor complexity $2n$. We prove that the repetition threshold for this class is $5/2$. Our technique is purely computational, using the Walnut theorem prover and a new technique…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-07-02 Nicolas Ollinger , Jeffrey Shallit

We present in this paper a new method to deal with automatic sequences. This method allows us to prove a M\"obius-randomness-principle for automatic sequences from which we deduce the Sarnak conjecture for this class of sequences.…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2018-02-21 Clemens Müllner

Cameron introduced a bijection between the set of sum-free sets and the set of all zero-one sequences. In this paper, we study the sum-free sets of natural numbers corresponding to certain zero-one sequences which contain the Cantor-like…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2015-05-13 Zhi-Xiong Wen , Wen Wu , Jie-Meng Zhang

The $N$th linear complexity of a sequence is a measure of predictability. Any unpredictable sequence must have large $N$th linear complexity. However, in this paper we show that for $q$-automatic sequences over $\mathbb{F}_q$ the converse…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2017-11-30 László Mérai , Arne Winterhof

A 1976 theorem of Chaitin can be used to show that arbitrarily dense sets of lengths n have a paucity of trivial strings (only a bounded number of strings of length n having trivially low plain Kolmogorov complexities). We use the…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2014-05-08 Jack H. Lutz

Many automatic sequences, such as the Thue-Morse sequence or the Rudin-Shapiro sequence, have some desirable features of pseudorandomness such as a large linear complexity and a small well-distribution measure. However, they also have some…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-05-10 László Mérai , Arne Winterhof

We survey recent results concerning the complexity of regular languages represented by their minimal deterministic finite automata. In addition to the quotient complexity of the language -- which is the number of its (left) quotients, and…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2017-02-17 Janusz A. Brzozowski

Given a first-order theory $T$ formulated in the usual language of first-order arithmetic, we say that $T$ is of *restricted complexity* if there is some natural number $n$ and some set $\mathcal A$ of $\Sigma_n$-sentences such that $T$ can…

Logic · Mathematics 2025-10-01 Ali Enayat , Mateusz Łełyk , Albert Visser

Pseudo-random sequences with good statistical property, such as low autocorrelation, high linear complexity and large 2-adic complexity, have been applied in stream cipher. In general, it is difficult to give both the linear complexity and…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-03-21 Yuhua Sun , Qiang Wang , Tongjiang Yan

Regular sequences generalize the extensively studied automatic sequences. Let $S$ be an abstract numeration system. When the numeration language $L$ is prefix-closed and regular, a sequence is said to be $S$-regular if the module generated…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2021-04-01 Michel Rigo , Manon Stipulanti

An integer sequence is said to be 3-free if no three elements form an arithmetic progression. Following the greedy algorithm, the Stanley sequence $S(a_0,a_1,\ldots,a_k)$ is defined to be the 3-free sequence $\{a_n\}$ having initial terms…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-08-11 David Rolnick

In 2002, Kamae and Zamboni introduced maximal pattern complexity and determined that any aperiodic sequence must have maximal pattern complexity at least $2k$. In 2006, Kamae and Rao examined the maximal pattern complexity of sequences over…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2026-04-22 Casey Schlortt

An infinite binary sequence has randomness rate at least $\sigma$ if, for almost every $n$, the Kolmogorov complexity of its prefix of length $n$ is at least $\sigma n$. It is known that for every rational $\sigma \in (0,1)$, on one hand,…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2009-02-13 Marius Zimand

Effective complexity measures the information content of the regularities of an object. It has been introduced by M. Gell-Mann and S. Lloyd to avoid some of the disadvantages of Kolmogorov complexity, also known as algorithmic information…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2010-11-22 Nihat Ay , Markus Mueller , Arleta Szkola

G. Edelman, O. Sporns, and G. Tononi have introduced the neural complexity of a family of random variables, defining it as a specific average of mutual information over subfamilies. We show that their choice of weights satisfies two natural…

Probability · Mathematics 2009-12-21 Jerome Buzzi , Lorenzo Zambotti