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This work introduces a framework for analyzing the Age of Incorrect Information (AoII) in a real-time monitoring system with a generic discrete-time Markov source. We study a noisy communication system employing a hybrid automatic repeat…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Konstantinos Bountrogiannis , Anthony Ephremides , Panagiotis Tsakalides , George Tzagkarakis

In this paper, a real-time Internet of Things (IoT) monitoring system is considered in which the IoT devices are scheduled to sample underlying physical processes and send the status updates to a common destination. In a real-world IoT, due…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-01-27 Bo Zhou , Walid Saad

We consider a simple discrete-time controlled queueing system, where the controller has a choice of which server to use at each time slot and server performance varies according to a Markov modulated random environment. We explore the role…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-10-11 Azam Asanjarani , Yoni Nazarathy

Age of Information (AoI) has been recognized as an important metric to measure the freshness of information. Central to this consensus is that minimizing AoI can enhance the freshness of information, thereby facilitating the accuracy of…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-08-09 Aimin Li , Shaohua Wu , Gary C. F. Lee , Xiaomeng Cheng , Sumei Sun

This paper studies efficient data management and timely information dissemination for real-time monitoring of an $N$-state Markov process, enabling accurate state estimation and reliable actuation decisions. First, we analyze the Age of…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Mehrdad Salimnejad , Anthony Ephremides , Marios Kountouris , Nikolaos Pappas

In this paper, we study the trade-off between the transmission cost and the control performance of the multi-loop networked control system subject to network-induced delay. Within the linear-quadratic-Gaussian (LQG) framework, the joint…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-12-30 Siyi Wang , Qingchen Liu , Precious Ugo Abara , John S. Baras , Sandra Hirche

Age of Information (AoI) is a crucial metric for quantifying information freshness in real-time systems where the sampling rate of data packets is time-varying. Evaluating AoI under such conditions is challenging, as system states become…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Jin Xu , Weiqi Wang , Natarajan Gautam

Emerging cyber-physical systems impel the development of communication protocols that optimize resource utilization. This article investigates infinite-horizon optimal scheduling for resource-aware networked control systems by addressing…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-11 Siyi Wang , Sandra Hirche

Reinforcement learning in environments with many action-state pairs is challenging. At issue is the number of episodes needed to thoroughly search the policy space. Most conventional heuristics address this search problem in a stochastic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-03-06 Isaac J. Sledge , Matthew S. Emigh , Jose C. Principe

In a sequential decision-making problem, the information structure is the description of how events in the system occurring at different points in time affect each other. Classical models of reinforcement learning (e.g., MDPs, POMDPs)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Awni Altabaa , Zhuoran Yang

We consider a class of sequential decision-making problems under uncertainty that can encompass various types of supervised learning concepts. These problems have a completely observed state process and a partially observed modulation…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-08-24 R. Reid Bishop , Chelsea C. White

We study off-policy evaluation and learning from sequential data in a structured class of Markov decision processes that arise from repeated interactions with an exogenous sequence of arrivals with contexts, which generate unknown…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-20 Nathan Kallus , Angela Zhou

Risk-averse decision-making under uncertainty in partially observable domains is a central challenge in artificial intelligence and is essential for developing reliable autonomous agents. The formal framework for such problems is the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-02-27 Yaacov Pariente , Vadim Indelman

The Stratonovich's value of information (VoI) is quantity that measure how much inferential gain is obtained from a perturbed sample under information leakage constraint. In this paper, we introduce a generalized VoI for a general loss…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-01-28 Akira Kamatsuka , Takahiro Yoshida , Toshiyasu Matsushima

It is well known that sequential decision making may lead to information cascades. That is, when agents make decisions based on their private information, as well as observing the actions of those before them, then it might be rational to…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-02-22 Yuval Peres , Miklos Z. Racz , Allan Sly , Izabella Stuhl

In this paper, we introduce the Age of Incorrect Information (AoII) as an enabler for semantics-empowered communication, a newly advocated communication paradigm centered around data's role and its usefulness to the communication's goal.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-10-12 Ali Maatouk , Mohamad Assaad , Anthony Ephremides

One of the impediments to the efficiency of information markets is the inherent information asymmetry present in them, exacerbated by the "buyer's inspection paradox" (the buyer cannot mitigate the asymmetry by "inspecting" the information,…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Abhimanyu Pallavi Sudhir , Long Tran-Thanh

Value iteration is a popular algorithm for finding near optimal policies for POMDPs. It is inefficient due to the need to account for the entire belief space, which necessitates the solution of large numbers of linear programs. In this…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2011-07-04 N. L. Zhang , W. Zhang

This paper investigates MDPs with intermittent state information. We consider a scenario where the controller perceives the state information of the process via an unreliable communication channel. The transmissions of state information…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-17 Gongpu Chen , Soung-Chang Liew

This paper considers a cognitive radio-based IoT monitoring system, consisting of an IoT device that aims to update its measurement to a destination using cognitive radio technique. Specifically, the IoT device as a secondary user (SIoT),…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-01-09 Qian Wang , He Chen , Yifan Gu , Yonghui Li , Branka Vucetic