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The average and median income dependence on work experience and time is analyzed and modeled for the USA. The original data set providing the mean and median income estimates in 10 year long intervals spans a long time period of almost 35…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2008-12-02 Ivan O. Kitov

Online volunteers are a crucial labor force that keeps many for-profit systems afloat (e.g. social media platforms and online review sites). Despite their substantial role in upholding highly valuable technological systems, online…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-06-07 Hanlin Li , Brent Hecht , Stevie Chancellor

We conduct a pre-registered randomized controlled trial to test for income targeting in labor supply decisions among sellers of a Swedish street paper. Unlike most workers, these sellers choose their own hours and face severe liquidity…

General Economics · Economics 2026-05-12 Mats Ekman , Niklas Jakobsson , Andreas Kotsadam

Programming, which is both economically significant and mentally stimulating, has been found to benefit the aging brain and to enhance cognitive function at various educational levels. Despite its advantages, challenges persist in…

This study quantifies how contract duration influences buyers' willingness-to-pay (WTP) when they hold real options that allow them to flexibly time consumption in response to changing market conditions. Using contract data from the US…

General Economics · Economics 2025-12-11 Shosuke Noguchi , Suguru Otani

We consider a stochastic online problem where $n$ applicants arrive over time, one per time step. Upon arrival of each applicant their cost per time step is revealed, and we have to fix the duration of employment, starting immediately. This…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-05-31 Yann Disser , John Fearnley , Martin Gairing , Oliver Göbel , Max Klimm , Daniel Schmand , Alexander Skopalik , Andreas Tönnis

The follow up of Representative behavior after elections is imperative for a democratic Representative system, at the very least to punish betrayal with no re-election. Our goal was to show how to follow Representatives' and how to show…

Physics and Society · Physics 2020-02-07 Ludwing Marenco , Humberto A. Carmona , Felipe M. Cardoso , José S. Andrade , Carlos Lenz Cesar

A simple estimate in terms of currency units shows that a meaningful educational reform process can be launched and sustained over many generations of teachers with support of parents of students. In the estimate, the steady inflow of…

Physics Education · Physics 2012-11-26 Stanislaw D. Glazek

Punishing those who refuse to participate in common efforts is a known and intensively studied way to maintain cooperation among self-interested agents. But this act is costly, hence punishers who are generally also engaged in the original…

Physics and Society · Physics 2021-11-29 Hsuan-Wei Lee , Colin Cleveland , Attila Szolnoki

This paper analyzes whether a minimum wage should be used for redistribution on top of taxes and transfers. I characterize optimal redistribution for a government with three policy instruments -- labor income taxes and transfers, corporate…

General Economics · Economics 2022-12-08 Damián Vergara

Labor market tightness tremendously increased in Germany between 2012 and 2022. We analyze the effect of tightness on wages by combining social security data with unusually rich information on vacancies and job seekers. Instrumental…

General Economics · Economics 2024-11-12 Erik-Benjamin Börschlein , Mario Bossler , Martin Popp

In the competitive environment, companies have given increasing importance to the IT sector and the resources it delivers as strategic. As a result, IT becomes a living being within the company. This sector is being subject to continuous…

We develop a theory for valuing non-diversifiable mortality risk in an incomplete market. We do this by assuming that the company issuing a mortality-contingent claim requires compensation for this risk in the form of a pre-specified…

Pricing of Securities · Quantitative Finance 2008-12-10 Erhan Bayraktar , Moshe Milevsky , David Promislow , Virginia Young

Using data from over 500,000 dual-earner households in Mexico, we provide evidence of discontinuities in the distribution of relative income within households in Latin America. Similar to high-income countries, we observe a sharp drop at…

General Economics · Economics 2025-08-12 Ercio Muñoz , Dario Sansone , João Tampellini

This study analyzes the gender gap in desired wages using large administrative data of public job referrals, which allows us to look at the desired salaries of individuals from a wider wage distribution. We conduct a decomposition analysis…

General Economics · Economics 2025-11-06 Taiyo Fukai , Keisuke Kawata , Mizuki Komura , Takahiro Toriyabe

Real GDP growth rate in developed countries is found to be a sum of two terms. The first term is the reciprocal value of the duration of the period of mean income growth with work experience, Tcr. The current value of Tcr in the USA is 40…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2008-12-02 Ivan O. Kitov

We consider a generalization of the secretary problem where contracts are temporary, and for a fixed duration. This models online hiring of temporary employees, or online auctions for re-usable resources. The problem is related to the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-07-09 Amos Fiat , Ilia Gorelik , Haim Kaplan , Slava Novgorodov

This work tried to detect the existence of a relationship between the graphic signals - or patterns - observed day by day in the Brazilian stock market and the trends which happen after these signals, within a period of 8 years, for a…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2013-02-07 Marco Antonio Penteado

An important consequence of human induced climate change is the increase in extreme weather events. This study contributes to the understanding of Brazil's climate change by examining historical temperature and precipitation patterns.…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2026-01-06 Davi Lazzari , Amália Garcez , Nicole Poltozi , Gianluca Pozzi , Carolina Brito

Mutual information minimum spanning trees are used to explore nonlinear dependencies on Brazilian equity network in the periods from June/01/2015 to January/26/2016, in which Brazil was under the government of President Dilma Rousseff, and…

Physics and Society · Physics 2019-05-09 A. Q. Barbi , G. A. Prataviera