Related papers: Putting a price on tenure

The purpose of these notes is to present an assessment of the probability of a candidate be elected in a two-round presidential election. In the first round, all candidates can be voted on. If one of them has more than 50% of the vote (s)he…

A variable annuity is an equity-linked financial product typically offered by insurance companies. The policyholder makes an upfront payment to the insurance company and, in return, the insurer is required to make a series of payments…

Despite the widespread implementation of conditional cash transfers in low- and middle-income countries, evidence on their long-term effects remains limited. This paper evaluates the impact of Ecuador's Human Development Grant on the formal…

A main issue in improving public sector efficiency is to understand to what extent public appointments are based on worker capability, instead of being used to reward political supporters (patronage). I contribute to a recent literature…

The teaching career shares common global characteristics, such as internal promotion, performance evaluation, recruitment of top candidates, continuous training, specialization, and peer learning. This study aims to describe the factors…

This study uses patent renewal information to estimate private value of patents by technology and ownership status. Patent value refers to the economic reward that the inventor extracts from the patent by making, using or selling an…

This seems to be the first English translation of this paper from the French original, ``Sur les rentes viageres''. In the paper, Euler gives a general formula for calculating the price of a life annuity that yields a certain amount per…

Brazil's presidential system is characterized by the existence of many political parties that are elected for the Chamber of Deputies and unite in legislative coalitions to form a majority. Since the re-democratization in 1985, Brazil has…

This work presents an empirical study of the evolution of the personal income distribution in Brazil. Yearly samples available from 1978 to 2005 were studied and evidence was found that the complementary cumulative distribution of personal…

Student's grade retention is a key issue faced by many education systems, especially those in developing countries. In this paper, we seek to gauge the relevance of students' personality traits in predicting grade retention in Brazil. For…

We study how delays in NIH grant funding affect the career outcomes of research personnel. Using comprehensive earnings and tax records linked to university transaction data along with a difference-in-differences design, we find that a…

Many scholars have recently begun to dispute the assumed link between individual wellbeing and economic conditions and the extent to which the latter matters (Easterlin, 1995; Stevenson and Wolfers 2008; Tella and MacCulloch 2008). This…

We describe the findings of a survey that covered the topics of stress, citation tool use habits, subjective happiness, h-index, research topic and tenure among a sample of 2286 authors of arxiv.org. Ph.D. students report the lowest…

Many of the world's workers rely on digital platforms for their income. In Venezuela, a nation grappling with extreme inflation and where most of the workforce is self-employed, data production platforms for machine learning have emerged as…

A growing number of people are working as part of on-line crowd work, which has been characterized by its low wages; yet, we know little about wage distribution and causes of low/high earnings. We recorded 2,676 workers performing 3.8…

We consider a variant of the secretary problem in which the candidates state their expected salary at the interview, which we assume is in accordance with their qualifications. The goal is for the employer to hire the best or the worst…

Using administrative data from Germany, this study provides first evidence on the wage effects of collective bargaining compliance laws. These laws require establishments receiving public contracts to pay wages set by a representative…

This paper provides a comprehensive examination of a Brazilian corporate tax reform targeted at the sector and product level. Difference-in-differences estimates instrumented by sector eligibility show that a 20 percentage point cut on…

Many countries have adopted negative interest rate policies with tiering remuneration, which allows for exemption from negative rates. This practice has led to higher interbank trading volumes, with market rates ranging between zero and the…

Context: Quantitative studies can identify statistical predictors of training quality, but they often fail to capture what professionals themselves consider genuinely useful learning experiences and why. Objective: This study qualitatively…