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There are pressing problems with traditional computing, especially for accomplishing data-intensive and real-time tasks, that motivate the development of in-memory computing devices to both store information and perform computation.…

Topological magnetic textures are particle-like spin configurations stabilized by competing interactions. Their formation is commonly attributed to fluctuation-driven, first-order nucleation processes requiring activation over a topological…

Synaptic memory is considered to be the main element responsible for learning and cognition in humans. Although traditionally non-volatile long-term plasticity changes have been implemented in nanoelectronic synapses for neuromorphic…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2017-12-20 Abhronil Sengupta , Kaushik Roy

Stochastic computing, a form of computation with probabilities, presents an alternative to conventional arithmetic units. Magnetic Tunnel Junctions (MTJs), which exhibit probabilistic switching, have been explored as Stochastic Number…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2018-04-11 Ankit Mondal , Ankur Srivastava

Probabilistic computing using random number generators (RNGs) can leverage the inherent stochasticity of nanodevices for system-level benefits. The magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) has been studied as an RNG due to its thermally-driven…

Spin-transfer torques (STTs) can be exploited in order to manipulate the magnetic moments of nanomagnets, thus allowing for new consumer-oriented devices to be designed. Of particular interest here are tuneable radio-frequency (RF)…

Electric-field control of spin states offers a promising route to ultra-low-power, ultra-fast magnetization switching in spintronic devices such as magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs). Recent progress in modulating spin-orbit interactions at…

Perpendicularly magnetized CoFeB layers with ultra-thin non-magnetic insertion layers are very widely used as the electrodes in magnetic tunnel junctions for spin transfer magnetic random access memory devices. Exchange interactions play a…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2019-10-25 Jamileh Beik Mohammadi , Bartek Kardasz , Georg Wolf , Yizhang Chen , Mustafa Pinarbasi , Andrew D. Kent

As Moore's law is gradually losing its effectiveness, developing alternative high-speed and low-energy-consuming information technology with post-silicon advanced materials is urgently needed. The successful application of tunneling…

Materials Science · Physics 2024-06-12 Lishu Zhang , Jun Zhou , Hui Li , Lei Shen , Yuan Ping Feng

Spin-torque nano-oscillators (STNOs) are promising nanoscale microwave sources for spintronic applications, serving as signal generators or elements in neuromorphic computing systems. In this paper, we investigate the experimental…

Other Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-11-10 Maksim Stebliy , Alex Jenkins , Luana Benetti , Ricardo Ferreira

We investigate spin-dependent conductance across a magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) including a ferromagnetic insulating barrier. The MTJ consists of two half-metallic ferromagnetic La2/3Sr1/3MnO3 (LSMO) manganites as electrodes and La2NiMnO6…

Applied Physics · Physics 2022-12-09 M. Abbasi Eskandari , S. Ghotb , P. Fournier

Antiferromagnetic Tunnel Junctions (AFMTJs) enable picosecond switching and femtojoule writes through ultrafast sublattice dynamics. We present the first end-to-end AFMTJ simulation framework integrating multi-sublattice…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Yousuf Choudhary , Tosiron Adegbija

We demonstrate a method to generate application-ready truly random bits from a magnetic tunnel junction driven by a Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). We implement a real-time feedback loop that stabilizes the switching probability near…

Applied Physics · Physics 2026-01-13 Troy Criss , Ahmed Sidi El Valli , Naomi Li , Andrew Haas , Andrew D. Kent

We investigate switching of magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) driven by the thermal effect of the transport current through the junctions. The switching occurs in a specially designed composite free layer, which acts as one of the MTJ…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2018-01-17 A. F. Kravets , D. M. Polishchuk , V. A. Pashchenko , A. I. Tovstolytkin , V. Korenivski

A new spintronic theory has been developed for the magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) with single-crystal barrier. The barrier will be treated as a diffraction grating with intralayer periodicity, the diffracted waves of tunneling electrons…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2016-04-19 Henan Fang , Mingwen Xiao , Wenbin Rui , Jun Du , Zhikuo Tao

Thermally-induced transitions between bistable magnetic states of magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJ) are of interest for generating random bitstreams and for applications in stochastic computing. An applied field transverse to the easy axis of…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2023-05-24 Corrado Carlo Maria Capriata , Bengt Gunnar Malm , Andrew D. Kent , Gabriel D. Chaves-O'Flynn

Switching magnetization in a perpendicular magnetic tunnel junction (pMTJ) via voltage controlled magnetic anisotropy (VCMA) has shown the potential to markedly reduce the switching energy. However, the requirement of an external magnetic…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2017-05-18 Jiefang Deng , Gengchiau Liang , Gaurav Gupta

We present a magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) where its two ferromagnetic layers are in the form of a single ellipse (SE) and two-crossing ellipses (TCE). The MTJ exhibits four distinct resistance states corresponding to the four remanent…

Applied Physics · Physics 2020-08-21 Shubhankar Das , Ariel Zaig , Moty Schultz , Susana Cardoso , Diana C Leitao , Lior Klein

Topological spin textures such as magnetic skyrmions hold considerable promise as robust, nanometre-scale, mobile bits for sustainable computing. A longstanding roadblock to unleashing their potential is the absence of a device enabling…

We report time-resolved measurements of magnetization switching by spin-orbit torques in the absence of an external magnetic field in perpendicularly magnetized magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJ). Field-free switching is enabled by the dipolar…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-06-12 Viola Krizakova , Kevin Garello , Eva Grimaldi , Gouri Sankar Kar , Pietro Gambardella