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We prove that the Hirota quadratic equations of Milanov and Tseng define an integrable hierarchy which is equivalent to the extended bigraded Toda hierarchy. In particular this proves a conjecture of Milanov-Tseng that relates the total…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2013-09-25 Guido Carlet , Johan van de Leur

In this short note we identify a family of partition functions recently introduced by Wang, Liu, Zhang, and Zhao with certain specializations of the generating function for dessins d'enfant. This provides a new W-description for orbifold…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-02-17 Alexander Alexandrov

In this letter,we present our conjecture on the connection between the Kontsevich--Witten and the Hurwitz tau-functions. The conjectural formula connects these two tau-functions by means of the $GL(\infty)$ group element. An important…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2013-09-03 A. Alexandrov

In 1891, Hurwitz introduced the enumeration of genus $g$, degree $d$, branched covers of the Riemann sphere with simple ramification over prescribed points and no branching elsewhere. He showed that for fixed degree $d$, the enumeration…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-09-11 Norman Do , Jian He , Heath Robertson

It is known that generalized deformation in the sense of Hitchin-Gaultieri is a geometric realization of the degree-2 component of Kontsevich-Barannikov's homological approach to extended deformation. Through extended deformation, one…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2021-03-15 Yat Sun Poon

This paper begins investigation of the concept of ``generalized $\tau$-function'', defined as a generating function of all the matrix elements of a group element $g \in G$ in a given highest-weight representation of a universal enveloping…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-28 A. Gerasimov , S. Khoroshkin , D. Lebedev , A. Mironov , A. Morozov

This paper is focused on geometric aspects of two particular types of finite-variable reductions in the dispersionless Toda hierarchy. The reductions are formulated in terms of "Landau-Ginzburg potentials" that play the role of reduced Lax…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2012-12-20 Kanehisa Takasaki

The construction of hypergeometric 2D Toda $\tau$-functions as generating functions for quantum Hurwitz numbers is extended here to multispecies families. Both the enumerative geometrical significance of these multispecies quantum Hurwitz…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2016-11-01 J. Harnad

We study non-associative twisted group algebras over $(\Z_2)^n$ with cubic twisting functions. We construct a series of algebras that extend the classical algebra of octonions in the same way as the Clifford algebras extend the algebra of…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2015-05-18 Sophie Morier-Genoud , Valentin Ovsienko

This manuscript studies a special case of the Hurwitz enumeration problem: for branched covers from genus g compact Riemann surface to the Riemann sphere, with three branch points, and require the branching data at one of the branch points…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-05-26 Yi Song

We construct local bihamiltonian structures from classical $W$-algebras associated to non-regular nilpotent elements of regular semisimple type in Lie algebras of type $A_2$ and $A_3$. They form exact Poisson pencil, admit a dispersionless…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2023-03-29 Yassir Dinar

The generating function of double Hurwitz numbers is known to become a tau function of the Toda hierarchy. The associated Lax and Orlov-Schulman operators turn out to satisfy a set of generalized string equations. These generalized string…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-05-20 Kanehisa Takasaki

In this paper, the authors investigate the case of discrete multiple orthogonal polynomials with two weights on the step line, which satisfy Pearson equations. The discrete multiple orthogonal polynomials in question are expressed in terms…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2023-07-27 Itsaso Fernández-Irisarri , Manuel Mañas

Okounkov's generating function of the double Hurwitz numbers of the Riemann sphere is a hypergeometric tau function of the 2D Toda hierarchy in the sense of Orlov and Scherbin. This tau function turns into a tau function of the lattice KP…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2022-03-16 Kanehisa Takasaki

We show that there is a series of topological string theories whose integrable structure is described by the Toda lattice hierarchy. The monodromy group of the Frobenius manifold for the matter sector is an extension of the affine Weyl…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2010-11-01 Hiroaki Kanno , Yűji Ohta

We propose a new bilinear Hirota equation for $\tau$-functions associated with the $E_8$ root lattice, that provides a "lens" generalisation of the $\tau$-functions for the elliptic discrete Painlev\'e equation. Our equations are…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2021-02-10 Andrew P. Kels , Masahito Yamazaki

We define a norm on the homology of a foliated manifold, which refines and majorizes the usual Gromov norm on homology. This norm depends in an upper semi-continuous way on the underlying foliation, in the geometric topology, and can…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Danny Calegari

The construction of hypergeometric $2D$ Toda $\tau$-functions as generating functions for weighted Hurwitz numbers is extended to multispecies families. Both the enumerative geometrical significance of multispecies weighted Hurwitz numbers,…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2018-06-26 J. Harnad

We give an example of two non isomorphic coordinate rings of a special kind of convex polyominoes whose Cohen-Macaulay types are generalized Fuss-Catalan numbers. We further provide a determinantal formula for these numbers.

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2024-01-30 Alin Ştefan

For a class of generalized integrable hierarchies associated with affine (twisted or untwisted) Kac-Moody algebras, an explicit representation of their local conserved densities by means of a single scalar tau-function is deduced. This…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-31 J. Luis Miramontes