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A sender with state-independent preferences (i.e., transparent motives) privately observes a signal about the state of the world before sending a message to a receiver, who subsequently takes an action. Regardless of whether the receiver…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2023-05-03 Mark Whitmeyer

An uninformed sender publicly commits to an informative experiment about an uncertain state, privately observes its outcome, and sends a cheap-talk message to a receiver. We provide an algorithm valid for arbitrary state-dependent…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2024-05-10 Qianjun Lyu , Wing Suen

Emergent communication offers insight into how agents develop shared structured representations, yet most research assumes homogeneous modalities or aligned representational spaces, overlooking the perceptual heterogeneity of real-world…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Naomi Pitzer , Daniela Mihai

We study how a decision-maker (DM) learns from data of unknown quality to form robust, ''general-purpose'' posterior beliefs. We develop a framework for robust learning and belief formation under a minimax-regret criterion, cast as a…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2026-02-18 Yeon-Koo Che , Longjian Li , Tianling Luo

For cheap-talk games with a binary state space in which the sender has state-independent preferences, we characterize equilibria that are robust to introducing slight state-dependence on the side of the sender. Not all equilibria are…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2024-03-18 Jan-Henrik Steg , Elshan Garashli , Michael Greinecker , Christoph Kuzmics

Bayesian persuasion studies the problem faced by an informed sender who strategically discloses information to influence the behavior of an uninformed receiver. Recently, a growing attention has been devoted to settings where the sender and…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Martino Bernasconi , Matteo Castiglioni , Alberto Marchesi , Mirco Mutti

We study the bounds of mediated communication in sender-receiver games in which the sender's payoff is state-independent. We show that the feasible distributions over the receiver's beliefs under mediation are those that induce zero…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2023-11-14 Roberto Corrao , Yifan Dai

Sender-receiver interactions, and specifically persuasion games, are widely researched in economic modeling and artificial intelligence. However, in the classic persuasion games setting, the messages sent from the expert to the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-04-01 Reut Apel , Ido Erev , Roi Reichart , Moshe Tennenholtz

We frame the meta-learning of prediction procedures as a search for an optimal strategy in a two-player game. In this game, Nature selects a prior over distributions that generate labeled data consisting of features and an associated…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-09-29 Alex Luedtke , Incheoul Chung , Oleg Sofrygin

We study a Bayesian persuasion model with two-dimensional states of the world, in which the sender (she) and receiver (he) have heterogeneous prior beliefs and care about different dimensions. The receiver is a naive agent who has a…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2024-01-08 Maxim Senkov , Toygar T. Kerman

Best-response mechanisms (Nisan, Schapira, Valiant, Zohar, 2011) provide a unifying framework for studying various distributed protocols in which the participants are instructed to repeatedly best respond to each others' strategies. Two…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2014-02-03 Diodato Ferraioli , Paolo Penna

So far, the theory of equilibrium selection in the infinitely repeated prisoner's dilemma is insensitive to communication possibilities. To address this issue, we incorporate the assumption that communication reduces -- but does not…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2023-04-25 Maximilian Andres

In this study, I present a theoretical social learning model to investigate how confirmation bias affects opinions when agents exchange information over a social network. Hence, besides exchanging opinions with friends, agents observe a…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2023-02-27 Marcos R. Fernandes

Large language models (LLMs) are susceptible to persuasion, which can pose risks when models are faced with an adversarial interlocutor. We take a first step towards defending models against persuasion while also arguing that defense…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Elias Stengel-Eskin , Peter Hase , Mohit Bansal

We study the consequences of information asymmetries and misaligned incentives in settings with multiple independent agents. We model an interaction between a Sender, who holds vital private information but cannot act, and a Receiver, who…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Nanda Kishore Sreenivas , Kate Larson

We study the experimentation dynamics of a decision maker (DM) in a two-armed bandit setup (Bolton and Harris (1999)), where the agent holds ambiguous beliefs regarding the distribution of the return process of one arm and is certain about…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2021-04-02 Farzad Pourbabaee

This paper introduces a strategy in the two envelopes problem that utilizes the prior beliefs of two players about the amount of money that their envelopes can contain. This strategy gives them more information about the decision of…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2015-02-24 Panagiotis Tsikogiannopoulos

This paper proposes a careful separation between an entity's epistemic system and their decision system. Crucially, Bayesian counterfactuals are estimated by the epistemic system; not by the decision system. Based on this remark, I prove…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2020-08-11 Lê Nguyên Hoang

Deception is a technique to mislead human or computer systems by manipulating beliefs and information. Successful deception is characterized by the information-asymmetric, dynamic, and strategic behaviors of the deceiver and the deceivee.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-10-02 Tao Zhang , Quanyan zhu

Preferences for mixing can reveal ambiguity perception and attitude on a single event. The validity of the approach is discussed for multiple preference classes including maxmin, maxmax, variational, and smooth second-order preferences. An…

Econometrics · Economics 2024-08-16 Patrick Schmidt