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A theory is universal contextual if its prediction cannot be reproduced by an ontological model satisfying both preparation and measurement noncontextuality assumptions. In this report, we first generalize the logical proofs of quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-12-24 A. K. Pan

Computing expected predictions of discriminative models is a fundamental task in machine learning that appears in many interesting applications such as fairness, handling missing values, and data analysis. Unfortunately, computing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-04 Pasha Khosravi , YooJung Choi , Yitao Liang , Antonio Vergari , Guy Van den Broeck

In an interactive belief model, are the players "commonly meta-certain" of the model itself? This paper formalizes such implicit "common meta-certainty" assumption. To that end, the paper expands the objects of players' beliefs from events…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2021-06-23 Satoshi Fukuda

Coherent lower previsions are general probabilistic models allowing incompletely specified probability distributions. However, for complete description of a coherent lower prevision -- even on finite underlying sample spaces -- an infinite…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-09-29 Damjan Škulj

We consider network games where a large number of agents interact according to a network sampled from a random network model, represented by a graphon. By exploiting previous results on convergence of such large network games to graphon…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-03-21 Feras Al Taha , Francesca Parise

In imperfect-information games, agents must make decisions based on partial knowledge of the game state. The Belief Stochastic Game model addresses this challenge by delegating state estimation to the game model itself. This allows agents…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Achille Morenville , Éric Piette

Dynamic noncooperative game theory is a field of mathematics and economics in which a lot of research is being carried out at present featuring a great number of applications in many different areas of economics and management science like…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2014-09-19 Philipp Hungerländer

The Unique Games Conjecture (UGC) constitutes a highly dynamic subarea within computational complexity theory, intricately linked to the outstanding P versus NP problem. Despite multiple insightful results in the past few years, a proof for…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2024-04-25 Tuhin Sahai , Abeynaya Gnanasekaran

The desirable gambles framework provides a foundational approach to imprecise probability theory but relies heavily on linear utility assumptions. This paper introduces function-coherent gambles, a generalization that accommodates…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2025-04-28 Gregory Wheeler

We consider a randomized algorithm for the unique games problem, using independent multinomial probabilities to assign labels to the vertices of a graph. The expected value of the solution obtained by the algorithm is expressed as a…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2015-08-10 Rajeev Kohli , Ramesh Krishnamurti

Coding theory revolves around the incorporation of redundancy into transmitted symbols, computation tasks, and stored data to guard against adversarial manipulation. However, error correction in coding theory is contingent upon a strict…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Hanzaleh Akbari Nodehi , Viveck R. Cadambe , Mohammad Ali Maddah-Ali

In many areas of engineering and sciences, decision rules and control strategies are usually designed based on nominal values of relevant system parameters. To ensure that a control strategy or decision rule will work properly when the…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-06-16 Xinjia Chen

This paper defines theoretical lower bounds of uncertainty of observations of macroeconomic variables that depend on statistical moments and correlations of random values and volumes of market trades. Any econometric assessments of…

General Economics · Economics 2024-10-08 Victor Olkhov

We propose a learning dynamics to model how strategic agents repeatedly play a continuous game while relying on an information platform to learn an unknown payoff-relevant parameter. In each time step, the platform updates a belief estimate…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2023-11-02 Manxi Wu , Saurabh Amin , Asuman Ozdaglar

We consider game-theoretically secure distributed protocols for coalition games that approximate the Shapley value with small multiplicative error. Since all known existing approximation algorithms for the Shapley value are randomized, it…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-12-30 T-H. Hubert Chan , Qipeng Kuang , Quan Xue

Matching games is a one-to-one two sided market model introduced by Garrido-Lucero and Laraki, in which coupled agents' utilities are endogenously determined as the outcome of a strategic game. They refine the classical pairwise stability…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Felipe Garrido-Lucero , Rida Laraki

We develop a general game-theoretic framework for reasoning about strategic agents performing possibly costly computation. In this framework, many traditional game-theoretic results (such as the existence of a Nash equilibrium) no longer…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2008-09-02 Joseph Y. Halpern , Rafael Pass

Graph games are fundamental in strategic reasoning of multi-agent systems and their environments. We study a new family of graph games which combine stochastic environmental uncertainties and auction-based interactions among the agents,…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Guy Avni , Martin Kurečka , Kaushik Mallik , Petr Novotný , Suman Sadhukhan

We formulate a class of mean field games on a finite state space with variational principles resembling those in continuous-state mean field games. We construct a controlled continuity equation featuring a nonlinear activation function on…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-10-10 Yuan Gao , Wuchen Li , Jian-Guo Liu

This work studies the problem of ad hoc teamwork in teams composed of agents with differing computational capabilities. We consider cooperative multi-player games in which each agent's policy is constrained by a private capability…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2023-04-28 Charles Jin , Zhang-Wei Hong , Farid Arthaud , Idan Orzech , Martin Rinard