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Riemannian optimization is concerned with problems, where the independent variable lies on a smooth manifold. There is a number of problems from numerical linear algebra that fall into this category, where the manifold is usually specified…

Let $G$ be a linear connected non-compact real simple Lie group and let $K\subset G$ be a maximal compact subgroup of $G$. Suppose that the centre of $K$ isomorphic to $\mathbb{S}^1$ so that $G/K$ is a global Hermitian symmetric space. Let…

We express the first jet bundle of curves in Euclidean space as homogeneous spaces associated to a Galilean-type group. Certain Cartan connections on a manifold with values in the Lie algebra of the Galilean group are characterized as…

Using the recently advanced Galilean gauge theory (GGT) we give a comprehensive construction of torsional Newton Cartan geometry. The coupling of a Galilean symmetric model with background NC geometry following GGT is illustrated by a free…

This thesis is devoted to algorithmic aspects of the implementation of Cartan's moving frame method to the problem of the equivalence of submanifolds under a Lie group action. We adopt a general definition of a moving frame as an…

In this note, we show that sub-Riemannian manifolds can contain branching normal minimizing geodesics. This phenomenon occurs if and only if a normal geodesic has a discontinuity in its rank at a non-zero time, which in particular for a…

We give very precise bounds for the congruence subgroup growth of arithmetic groups. This allows us to determine the subgroup growth of irreducible lattices of semisimple Lie groups. In the most general case our results depend on the…

Let $G$ be a connected complex semisimple Lie group, $\Gamma$ be a cocompact, irreducible and torsionless lattice in $G$ and $K$ be a maximal compact subgroup of $G$. Assume $\Gamma$ acts by left multiplication and $K$ acts by right…

Some nilpotent Lie groups possess a transformation group analogous to the similarity group acting on the Euclidean space. We call such a pair a nilpotent similarity structure. It is notably the case for all Carnot groups and their…

The geodesics for a sub-Riemannian metric on a three-dimensional contact manifold $M$ form a 1-parameter family of curves along each contact direction. However, a collection of such contact curves on $M$, locally equivalent to the solutions…

We show that strictly abnormal geodesics arise in graded nilpotent Lie groups. We construct such a group, for which some Carnot geodesics are strictly abnormal; in fact, they are not normal in any subgroup. In the step-2 case we also prove…

Given a positive integer n and a positive semidefinite matrix A = (A_{ij}) of size m x m, the positive semidefinite Grothendieck problem with rank-n-constraint (SDP_n) is maximize \sum_{i=1}^m \sum_{j=1}^m A_{ij} x_i \cdot x_j, where x_1,…

We investigate the rank gradient and growth of torsion in homology in residually finite groups. As a tool, we introduce a new complexity notion for generating sets, using measured groupoids and combinatorial cost. As an application we prove…

Let $\Gamma=PSL(2,Z[i])$ be the Picard group and $H^3$ be the three-dimensional hyperbolic space. We study the Prime Geodesic Theorem for the quotient $\Gamma \setminus H^3$, called the Picard manifold, obtaining an error term of size…

We give the complete classification of left-invariant sub-Riemannian structures on three dimensional Lie groups in terms of the basic differential invariants. This classifications recovers other known classification results in the…

We investigate Cartan subalgebras in nontracial amalgamated free product von Neumann algebras $M_1 \ast_B M_2$ over an amenable von Neumann subalgebra $B$. First, we settle the problem of the absence of Cartan subalgebra in arbitrary free…

On a real analytic 5-dimensional CR-generic submanifold M^5 in C^4 of codimension 3, hence of CR dimension 1, which enjoys the generically satisfied nondegeneracy condition that Lie brackets up to length 3 of T^{1,0}M generate CTM, a…

The construction of gauge theories beyond the realm of Lie groups and algebras leads one to consider Lie groupoids and algebroids equipped with additional geometrical structures which, for gauge invariance of the construction, need to…

We study the computational complexity of the Word Problem (WP) in free solvable groups $S_{r,d}$, where $r \geq 2$ is the rank and $d \geq 2$ is the solvability class of the group. It is known that the Magnus embedding of $S_{r,d}$ into…

We study the geometry of compact geodesic spaces with trivial first Betti number admitting large finite groups of isometries. We show that if a finite group $G$ acts by isometries on a compact geodesic space $X$ whose first Betti number…