English
Related papers

Related papers: The mathematics of Bitcoin

200 papers

This research paper presents a thorough economic analysis of Bitcoin and its impact. We delve into fundamental principles, and technological evolution into a prominent decentralized digital currency. Analysing Bitcoin's economic dynamics,…

General Economics · Economics 2023-10-18 Ishmeet Matharoo

Using 1-min returns of Bitcoin prices, we investigate statistical properties and multifractality of a Bitcoin time series. We find that the 1-min return distribution is fat-tailed, and kurtosis largely deviates from the Gaussian…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2018-05-29 Tetsuya Takaishi

Mining pools, the main components of the Bitcoin network, dominate the computing resources and play essential roles in network security and performance aspects. Although many existing measurements of the Bitcoin network are available,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-02-22 Canhui Wang , Xiaowen Chu , Qin Yang

In this paper we discuss Bitcoin, the leader among the existing cryptocurrencies, to analyse its trends, success factors, current challenges and probable solutions to make it even better. In the introduction section, we discuss the history…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2014-12-24 Siddharth Prakash Rao

Proof-of-work allows Bitcoin to boast security amidst arbitrary fluctuations in participation of miners throughout time, so long as, at any point in time, a majority of hash power is honest. In recent years, however, the pendulum has…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Yuval Efron , Joachim Neu , Toniann Pitassi

The philosophy of blockchain technology is concerned, among other things, with blockchain ontology, how it might be characterised, how it is being created, implemented, and adopted, how it operates in the world, and how it evolves over…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-11-12 Renato P. dos Santos

This survey develops a dual analysis, consisting, first, in a bibliometric examination and, second, in a close literature review of all the scientific production around cryptocurrencies conducted in economics so far. The aim of this paper…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2020-03-24 Aurelio F. Bariviera , Ignasi Merediz-Solà

We show Bitcoin implied volatility on a 5 minute time horizon is modestly predictable from price, volatility momentum and alternative data including sentiment and engagement. Lagged Bitcoin index price and volatility movements contribute to…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2020-10-30 Faizaan Pervaiz , Christopher Goh , Ashley Pennington , Samuel Holt , James West , Shaun Ng

The availability of data on digital traces is growing to unprecedented sizes, but inferring actionable knowledge from large-scale data is far from being trivial. This is especially important for computational finance, where digital traces…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2016-05-13 David Garcia , Frank Schweitzer

Bitcoin provides freshness properties by forming a blockchain where each block is associated with its timestamp and the previous block. Due to these properties, the Bitcoin protocol is being used as a decentralized, trusted, and secure…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-05-21 Pawel Szalachowski

Bitcoin is an immutable permissionless blockchain system that has been extensively used as a public bulletin board by many different applications that heavily relies on its immutability. However, Bitcoin's immutability is not without its…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-10-10 Dominic Deuber , Bernardo Magri , Sri Aravinda Krishnan Thyagarajan

We explore the feasibility of deploying Bitcoin as the shared monetary standard between Earth and Mars, accounting for physical constraints of interplanetary communication. We introduce a novel primitive, Proof-of-Transit Timestamping…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Jose E. Puente , Carlos Puente

Digital payment schemes show an ever increasing importance. Out of the countless different schemes available this article focuses on the popular Bitcoin system. The authors provide a description of Bitcoin's unique technological basis and…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2013-09-02 Artus Krohn-Grimberghe Christoph Sorge

The bitcoin price has surged in recent years and it has also exhibited phases of rapid decay. In this paper we address the question to what extent this novel cryptocurrency market can be viewed as a classic or semi-efficient market. Novel…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2019-06-26 Josselin Garnier , Knut Solna

Simple closed-form upper and lower bounds are developed for the security of the Nakamoto consensus as a function of the confirmation depth, the honest and adversarial block mining rates, and an upper bound on the block propagation delay.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-08-30 Dongning Guo , Ling Ren

In a previous paper, it was discussed whether Bitcoin and/or its blockchain could be considered a complex system and, if so, whether a chaotic one, a positive response raising concerns about the likelihood of Bitcoin/blockchain entering a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-11-12 Renato P. dos Santos , Melanie Swan

This research aims to identify how Bitcoin-related news publications and online discourse are expressed in Bitcoin exchange movements of price and volume. Being inherently digital, all Bitcoin-related fundamental data (from exchanges, as…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2018-11-09 Marvin Aron Kennis

Bitcoin is a "crypto currency", a decentralized electronic payment scheme based on cryptography which has recently gained excessive popularity. Scientific research on bitcoin is less abundant. A paper at Financial Cryptography 2012…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2014-04-11 Nicolas T. Courtois , Marek Grajek , Rahul Naik

Bitcoin is a digital financial asset that is devoid of a central authority. This makes it distinct from traditional financial assets in a number of ways. For instance, the total number of tokens is limited and it has not explicit use value.…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2020-05-20 C. R. da Cunha , R. da Silva

Proof of work blockchain protocols using multiple hash types are considered. It is proven that the security region of such a protocol cannot be the AND of a 51\% attack on all the hash types. Nevertheless, a protocol called Merged Bitcoin…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Christopher Blake , Chen Feng , Xuachao Wang , Qianyu Yu