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Related papers: The mathematics of Bitcoin

200 papers

We report on the use of sentiment analysis on news and social media to analyze and predict the price of Bitcoin. Bitcoin is the leading cryptocurrency and has the highest market capitalization among digital currencies. Predicting Bitcoin…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-02-04 Pratikkumar Prajapati

We compute the revenue ratio of the Trail Stubborn mining strategy in the Bitcoin network and compare its profitability to other block-withholding strategies. We use for this martingale techniques and a classical analysis of the hiker…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-11-26 Cyril Grunspan , Ricardo Pérez-Marco

This paper integrates Austrian capital theory with repeated game theory to examine strategic miner behaviour under different institutional conditions in blockchain systems. It shows that when protocol rules are mutable, effective time…

General Economics · Economics 2025-06-27 Craig Steven Wright

Bitcoin has increased investment interests in people during the last decade. We have seen an increase in the number of posts on social media platforms about cryptocurrency, especially Bitcoin. This project focuses on analyzing user tweet…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-04 Ashutosh Hathidara , Gaurav Atavale , Suyash Chaudhary

The aim of this paper is to analyse the Bitcoin in order to shed some light on its nature and behaviour. We select 9 cryptocurrencies that account for almost 75\% of total market capitalisation and compare their evolution with that of a…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2023-09-08 Esther Cabezas-Rivas , Felipe Sánchez-Coll , Isaac Tormo-Xaixo

We present Bitcoin Security Tables computing the probability of success p(z,q,t) of a double spend attack by an attacker controlling a share q of the hashrate after z confirmations in time t.

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-02-20 Cyril Grunspan , Ricardo Pérez-Marco

We analyze the economic incentives generated by the proof-of-stake mechanism discussed in the Ethereum Casper upgrade proposal. Compared with proof-of-work, proof-of-stake has a different cost structure for attackers. In Budish (2018),…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-07-26 George Gui , Ali Hortacsu , Jose Tudon

Explaining changes in bitcoin's price and predicting its future have been the foci of many research studies. In contrast, far less attention has been paid to the relationship between bitcoin's mining costs and its price. One popular notion…

General Economics · Economics 2022-04-28 John E. Marthinsen , Steven R. Gordon

We present positive evidence of price stability of cryptocurrencies as a medium of exchange. For the sample years from 2016 to 2020, the prices of major cryptocurrencies are found to be stable, relative to major financial assets.…

General Economics · Economics 2021-12-14 Tatsuru Kikuchi , Toranosuke Onishi , Kenichi Ueda

Bitcoin is the world's first decentralized digital currency. Its main technical innovation is the use of a blockchain and hash-based proof of work to synchronize transactions and prevent double-spending the currency. While the qualitative…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2014-02-12 Meni Rosenfeld

The uncertainties in future Bitcoin price make it difficult to accurately predict the price of Bitcoin. Accurately predicting the price for Bitcoin is therefore important for decision-making process of investors and market players in the…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2019-09-04 Samuel Asante Gyamerah

What happens to mining when the Bitcoin price changes, when there are mining supply shocks, the price of energy changes, or hardware technology evolves? We give precise answers based on the technical forces and incentives in the system. We…

General Economics · Economics 2022-01-21 Nemo Semret

BitCoin transactions are malleable in a sense that given a transaction an adversary can easily construct an equivalent transaction which has a different hash. This can pose a serious problem in some BitCoin distributed contracts in which…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2013-12-12 Marcin Andrychowicz , Stefan Dziembowski , Daniel Malinowski , Łukasz Mazurek

Many of the recent works on the profitability of rogue mining strategies hinge on a parameter called $\gamma$ that measures the proportion of the honest network attracted by the attacker to mine on top of his fork. These works, see…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-08-23 Pantelis Tassopoulos , Yorgos Protonotarios

Bitcoin is a cryptocurrency attracting a lot of interest both from the general public and researchers. There is an ongoing debate on the question of users' anonymity: while the Bitcoin protocol has been designed to ensure that the activity…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-06-14 Remy Cazabet , Baccour Rym , Latapy Matthieu , Cazabet Remy

Using Wilf-Zeilberger algorithmic proof theory, we continue pioneering work of Meni Rosenfeld (followed up by interesting work by Cyril Grunspan and Ricardo Perez-Marco) and study the probability and duration of successful bitcoin attacks,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-11-06 Evangelos Georgiadis , Doron Zeilberger

Bitcoin is the first and undoubtedly most successful cryptocurrecny to date with a market capitalization of more than 100 billion dollars. Today, Bitcoin has more than 100,000 supporting merchants and more than 3 million active users.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-11-19 Emmanouil Karampinakis , Michalis Pachilakis , Panagiotis Papadopoulos , Antonis Krithinakis , Evangelos P. Markatos

A trading system is said to be {robust} if it generates a robust return regardless of market direction. To this end, a consistently positive expected trading gain is often used as a robustness metric for a trading system. In this paper, we…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-11-04 Chung-Han Hsieh

We give a straightforward proof for the formula giving the long-term apparent hashrate of the Selfish Mining strategy in Bitcoin using only elementary probabilities and combinatorics, and more precisely, Dyck words. There is no need to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-02-06 Cyril Grunspan , Ricardo Pérez-Marco

Since Bitcoin's inception in 2008, it has became attractive investments for both trading and mining. To mine Bitcoins, a miner has to invest in computing power and pay for electricity to solve cryptographic puzzles for rewards, if it…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-02-18 Ehsan Meamari , Chien-Chung Shen