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Spin-orbit torques (SOTs) generated through the conventional spin Hall effect (SHE) and/or Rashba-Edelstein effect offer potential for magnetization manipulation. However, deterministic switching of perpendicular ferromagnets via SOTs…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-06-11 Zelalem Abebe Bekele , Yuan-Yuan Jiang , Kun Lei , Xiukai Lan , Xiangyu Liu , Hui Wen , Ding-Fu Shao , Kaiyou Wang

The writing process of SOT-MRAMs is considered deterministic when additional symmetry-breaking factors, such as the application of an external magnetic field aligned with the current, are present. Notably, the write probability exhibits a…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-12-12 Kuldeep Ray , Jérémie Vigier , Perrine Usé , Sylvain Martin , Nicolas Lefoulon , Chloé Bouard , Marc Drouard , Gilles Gaudin

Controlling magnetism by electric fields offers a highly attractive perspective for designing future generations of energy-efficient information technologies. Here, we demonstrate that the magnitude of current-induced spin-orbit torques in…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-06-24 Mariia Filianina , Jan-Philipp Hanke , Kyujoon Lee , Dong-Soo Han , Samridh Jaiswal , Gerhard Jakob , Yuriy Mokrousov , Mathias Kläui

Current-induced magnetization switching through spin-orbit torques (SOTs) is the fundamental building block of spin-orbitronics. The SOTs generally arise from the spin-orbit coupling of heavy metals. However, even in a heterostructure where…

Materials Science · Physics 2017-09-22 Hongyu An , Takeo Ohno , Yusuke Kanno , Yuito Kageyama , Yasuaki Monnai , Hideyuki Maki , Ji Shi , Kazuya Ando

Heavy metals with strong spin-orbit coupling (SOC) have been employed to generate spin current to control the magnetization dynamics by spin-orbit torque (SOT). Magnetic tunnel junction based on SOT (SOT-MTJ) is a promising application with…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2018-05-15 Jiaqi Zhou , Weisheng Zhao , Kaihua Cao , Shouzhong Peng , Zilu Wang , Arnaud Bournel

We study dynamics of the magnetization coupled to the surface Dirac fermions of a three di- mensional topological insulator. By solving the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation in the presence of charge current, we find current induced…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-05-28 Takehito Yokoyama

Inverse magnetostriction is the effect by which magnetization can be changed upon application of stress/strain. A strain modulation may be created electrically by exciting interdigitated transducers to generate surface acoustic waves…

Electrical current pulses can be used to manipulate magnetization efficiently via spin-orbit torques (SOTs). Pulse durations as short as a few picoseconds have been used to switch the magnetization of ferromagnetic films, reaching the THz…

Harmonic Hall measurements were performed on a series of ferromagnetic metal/heavy metal (FM/HM) bilayers consisting of Permalloy (Py) as the FM and beta-Tungsten (W) as the HM, and the efficiencies of the two orthogonal components of the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2026-03-03 Abu Bakkar Miah , Dhananjaya Mahapatra , Soumik Aon , Harekrishna Bhunia , Partha Mitra

Spin Berry curvature characterizes the band topology as the spin counterpart of Berry curvature and is crucial in generating novel spintronics functionalities. By breaking the crystalline inversion symmetry, the spin Berry curvature is…

Spin-orbit torques (SOTs) have emerged as an efficient means to electrically control the magnetization in ferromagnetic heterostructures. Lately, an increasing attention has been devoted to SOTs in heavy metal (HM)/magnetic insulator (MI)…

Materials Science · Physics 2023-05-09 Martín Testa-Anta , Charles-Henri Lambert , Can Onur Avci

The discovery that a spin polarized current can exert a large torque on a ferromagnet through a transfusion of spin angular momentum, offers a new way to control a magnetization by simple current injection, without the help of an applied…

We have studied current-driven domain wall motion in modified Ga_0.95Mn_0.05As Hall bar structures with perpendicular anisotropy by using spatially resolved Polar Magneto-Optical Kerr Effect Microscopy and micromagnetic simulation.…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 K. Y. Wang , A. C. Irvine , R. P. Campion , C. T. Foxon , J. Wunderlich , D. A. Williams , B. L. Gallagher

Spin-orbit torques (SOTs) from transition metal oxides (TMOs) in conjunction with magnetic materials have recently attracted tremendous attention for realizing high-efficient spintronic devices. SrRuO3 is a promising candidate among TMOs…

Materials Science · Physics 2024-03-04 Sheng Li , Bin Lao , Zengxing Lu , Xuan Zheng , Kenan Zhao , Liguang Gong , Tao Tang , Keyi Wu , Run-Wei Li , Zhiming Wang

We examine the effect a spatially non-uniform spin current with a component polarized partially out of the plane has on a low saturation magnetization nanomagnet free layer. Micromagnetic simulations indicate that the spin torque efficiency…

Other Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-11-13 P. M. Braganca , O. Ozatay , A. G. F. Garcia , O. J. Lee , D. C. Ralph , R. A. Buhrman

A device based on current-induced spin-orbit torque (SOT) that functions as an electronic neuron is proposed in this work. The SOT device implements an artificial neuron's thresholding (transfer) function. In the first step of a two-step…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2015-06-23 Abhronil Sengupta , Sri Harsha Choday , Yusung Kim , Kaushik Roy

We formulate and quantify the spin-orbit torque (SOT) in intrinsic antiferromagnetic topological insulator $\rm MnBi_2Te_4$ of a few septuple-layer thick, which exhibits conspicuous layer-resolved characteristics. Contrary to known…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2024-03-27 Junyu Tang , Ran Cheng

Spin-orbit torque (SOT) enables efficient electrical control of magnetization, offering a pathway towards low-power spintronic devices. Magnetic topological insulators (TIs), with spin-momentum-locked surface states and intrinsic…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2026-05-21 Ling-Jie Zhou , Deyi Zhuo , Han Tay , Zi-Jie Yan , Pu Xiao , Xiaoda Liu , Bomin Zhang , Cui-Zu Chang

We present a method to measure the effective field contribution to spin-transfer-induced interactions between the magnetic layers in a trilayer nanostructure, which enables spin-current effects to be distinguished from the usual…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2016-08-16 M. A. Zimmler , B. Özyilmaz , W. Chen , A. D. Kent , J. Z. Sun , M. J. Rooks , R. H. Koch

We present theoretical studies of the intrinsic spin orbit torque (SOT) in a single domain ferromagnetic layer with Rashba spin-orbit coupling (SOC) using the non-equilibrium Green's function formalism for a model Hamiltonian. We find that,…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2018-01-03 A. Kalitsov , S. A. Nikolaev , J. Velev , M. Chshiev , O. Mryasov