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We present a detailed analysis of harmonic longitudinal and Hall voltage measurements for in-plane magnetized Pt/Co/Ta and Ta/Co/Pt trilayers in reference to Pt/Co and Ta/Co bilayers. Enhancement of spin-orbit torques (SOTs) and…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2021-11-17 Anastasiia Moskaltsova , Denis Dyck , Jan-Michael Schmalhorst , Günter Reiss , Timo Kuschel

Spin-orbitronics, based on both spin and orbital angular momentum, presents a promising pathway for energy-efficient memory and logic devices. Recent studies have demonstrated the emergence of orbital currents in light transition metals…

The emerging all-van der Waals (vdW) magnetic heterostructure provides a new platform to control the magnetization by the electric field beyond the traditional spintronics devices. One promising strategy is using unconventional spin-orbit…

In order to enhance the magnitude of spin-orbit torque (SOT), considerable experimental works have been devoted to studying the thickness dependence of the different layers in multilayers consisting of heavy metal (HM), ferromagnet (FM) and…

Applied Physics · Physics 2018-05-09 Chi Sun , Zhuo Bin Siu , Seng Ghee Tan , Hyunsoo Yang , Mansoor B. A. Jalil

Spin-orbit torque (SOT) is an emerging technology that enables the efficient manipulation of spintronic devices. The initial processes of interest in SOTs involved electric fields, spin-orbit coupling, conduction electron spins and…

Spin-Orbit Torque (SOT) Magnetic Random-Access Memories (MRAM) have shown promising results towards the realization of fast, non-volatile memory systems. Oxidation of the heavy-metal (HM) layer of the SOT-MRAM has been proposed as a method…

Spin current generated by spin Hall effect in the heavy metal would diffuse up and down to adjacent ferromagnetic layers and exert torque on their magnetization, called spin-orbit torque. Antiferromagnetically coupled trilayers, namely the…

Materials Science · Physics 2017-04-05 G. Y. Shi , C. H. Wan , Y. S. Chang , F. Li , X. J. Zhou , P. X. Zhang , J. W. Cai , X. F. Han , F. Pan , C. Song

Current induced spin-orbit magnetic fields (iSOFs), arising either in single-crystalline ferromagnets with broken inversion symmetry1,2 or in non-magnetic metal/ferromagnetic metal bilayers3,4, can produce spin-orbit torques which act on a…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2018-04-27 L. Chen , M. Gmitra , M. Vogel , R. Islinger , M. Kronseder , D. Schuh , D. Bougeard , J. Fabian , D. Weiss , C. H. Back

So far, studies of spin-orbit torques (SOT) in ferromagnets with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) have been restricted to ultra thin samples, while a systematic study of its thickness dependence is still lacking in literature. In…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2018-06-08 Niklas Roschewsky , Charles-Henri Lambert , Sayeef Salahuddin

To study the effect of spin-orbit coupling (SOC) on spin-transfer torque in magnetic materials, we have implemented two theoretical formalisms that can accommodate SOC. Using the "charge-pumping" formalism, we find two contributions to the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2016-06-16 Zhe Yuan , Paul J. Kelly

In spin torque magnetic memories, electrically actuated spin currents are used to switch a magnetic bit. Typically, these require a multilayer geometry including both a free ferromagnetic layer and a second layer providing spin injection.…

In the increasing interests on spin-orbit torque (SOT) with various magnetic materials, we investigated SOT in rare earth-transition metal ferrimagnetic alloys. The harmonic Hall measurements were performed in Pt/GdFeCo bilayers to quantify…

Realization of efficient spin-orbit torque switching of the N\'eel vector in insulating antiferromagnets is a challenge, often complicated by spurious effects. Quantifying the spin-orbit torques in antiferromagnet/heavy metal…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-02-25 Igor Lyalin , Hantao Zhang , Justin Michel , Daniel Russell , Fengyuan Yang , Ran Cheng , Roland K. Kawakami

The recent emergence of magnetic van der Waals materials allows for the investigation of current induced magnetization manipulation in two dimensional materials. Uniquely, Fe3GeTe2 has a crystalline structure that allows for the presence of…

Spin-orbit coupling (SOC) drives interesting and non-trivial phenomena in solid state physics, ranging from topological to magnetic to transport properties. Thorough study of such phenomena often require effective models where SOC term is…

Materials Science · Physics 2024-07-09 Qiangqiang Gu , Shishir Kumar Pandey

Current-induced spin-orbit torque (SOT) in normal metal/ferromagnet (NM/FM) bilayers bears great promise for technological applications, but the microscopic origin of purely interfacial SOTs in ultra-thin systems is not yet fully…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2023-02-02 Alessandro Veneri , David T. S. Perkins , Aires Ferreira

We probe the current-induced magnetic switching of insulating antiferromagnet/heavy metals systems, by electrical spin Hall magnetoresistance measurements and direct imaging, identifying a reversal occurring by domain wall (DW) motion. We…

Spin Orbit Torque-Magnetic Random Access Memory (SOT-MRAM) is being developed as a successor to the Spin transfer torque MRAM (STT-MRAM) owing to its superior performance on the metrics of reliability and read-write speed. SOT switching of…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-10-31 Akanksha Chouhan , Heston A. Mendonca , Abhishek Erram , Ashwin A. Tulapurkar

Spin-transfer torque (STT) and spin-orbit torque (SOT) are spintronic phenomena allowing magnetization manipulation using electrical currents. Beyond their fundamental interest, they allow developing new classes of magnetic memories and…

Control of magnetization dynamics is one of the primary goals in spintronics. It has been demonstrated using spin Hall effect i.e charge current to spin current conversion in non-magnetic metal which has large spin-orbit coupling such as…

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