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In this article we study an exact analogue of the cross-ratio for the algebra of quaternions H and use it to derive several interesting properties of quaternionic fractional linear transformations. In particular, we show that there exists a…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2011-12-07 Ewain Gwynne , Matvei Libine

Lorentz's group represented by the hypercomplex system of numbers, which is based on dirac matrices, is investigated. This representation is similar to the space rotation representation by quaternions. This representation has several…

General Physics · Physics 2019-08-01 Konstantin Karplyuk , Oleksandr Zhmudskyy

Many star bodies have convex subsets with approximately the same Gaussian measure (of the complement). Inspired by this phenomenon, and in connection with the randomized Dvoretzky theorem for Lorentz spaces, we derive bounds on the…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2022-06-22 Daniel J. Fresen

Some comments are made on the matrices which serve as the basis of a quaternionic algebra. We show that these matrices are related with the quaternionic action of the imaginary units from the left and from the right.

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Gisele Ducati

The paper is devoted to studying the orthogonality graph of the matrix ring over a commutative ring. It is proved that the orthogonality graph of the ring of matrices with size greater than 1 over a commutative ring with zero-divisors is…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2022-11-18 O. G. Styrt

Given a set of radii measured from a fixed point, the existence of a convex configuration with respect to the set of distinct radii in the two-dimensional case is proved when radii are distinct or repeated at most four points. However, we…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Supanut Chaidee , Kokichi Sugihara

A proof of Lagrange's and Jacobi's four-square theorem due to Hurwitz utilizes orders in a quaternion algebra over the rationals. Seeking a generalization of this technique to orders over number fields, we identify two key components: an…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-09-25 Matěj Doležálek

We show that in complete metric spaces, $4$-hyperconvexity is equivalent to finite hyperconvexity. Moreover, every complete, almost $n$-hyperconvex metric space is $n$-hyperconvex. This generalizes among others results of Lindenstrauss and…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2016-10-12 Benjamin Miesch , Maël Pavón

We investigate the regularity of the marginals onto hyperplanes for sets of finite perimeter. We prove, in particular, that if a set of finite perimeter has log-concave marginals onto a.e. hyperplane then the set is convex.

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2015-02-24 Alessio Figalli , David Jerison

A presentation of numerical range for rectangular matrices is undertaken in this paper, introducing two different definitions and elaborating basic properties. Then we are extended to the treatment of rank-k numerical range.

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2009-04-29 Aikaterini Aretaki , John Maroulas

It has recently been shown that the problem of testing global convexity of polynomials of degree four is {strongly} NP-hard, answering an open question of N.Z. Shor. This result is minimal in the degree of the polynomial when global…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-03-14 Amir Ali Ahmadi , Georgina Hall

Let a and x denote tuples of (jointly) freely noncommuting variables. A square matrix valued polynomial p in these variables is naturally evaluated at a tuple (A,X) of symmetric matrices with the result p(A,X) a square matrix. The…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2017-06-21 Harry Dym , J. William Helton , Scott McCullough

Solutions to optimization problems involving the numerical radius often belong to a special class: the set of matrices having field of values a disk centered at the origin. After illustrating this phenomenon with some examples, we…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-12-20 Adrian S. Lewis , Michael L. Overton

The numerical range of a matrix is studied geometrically via the cone of positive semidefinite matrices (or semidefinite cone for short). In particular it is shown that the feasible set of a two-dimensional linear matrix inequality (LMI),…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2010-04-08 Didier Henrion

The numerical range of a matrix is studied geometrically via the cone of positive semidefinite matrices (or semidefinite cone for short). In particular it is shown that the feasible set of a two-dimensional linear matrix inequality (LMI),…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2008-12-10 Didier Henrion

This paper deals with some geometrical properties of solutions of some semilinear elliptic equations in bounded convex domains or convex rings. Constant boundary conditions are imposed on the single component of the boundary when the domain…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2013-04-24 Francois Hamel , Nikolai Nadirashvili , Yannick Sire

We provide sufficient conditions for systems of polynomial equations over general (real or complex) algebras to have a solution. This generalizes known results on quaternions, octonions and matrix algebras. We also generalize the…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2022-09-30 Maximilian Illmer , Tim Netzer

In this paper we give an alternative proof that the family of matrices studied by Daeshik Choi in A proof of Crouzeix's conjecture for a class of matrices, Linear Algebra and its Applications, 438, no. 8 (2013), pp. 3247-3257, satisfy…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2025-08-19 Michel Crouzeix , Anne Greenbaum

A sufficient condition for $\bar{\partial}$ to have closed range is given for pseudoconvex, possibly unbounded domains in $\mathbb{C}^n$.

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2015-02-05 A. -K. Herbig , J. D. McNeal

In this article, we address the following question: Is it true that the spatial numerical range (SNR) $V_A(a)$ of an element $a$ in a normed algebra $(A, \|\cdot\|)$ is always convex? If the normed algebra is unital, then it is convex…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2023-06-29 H. V. Dedania , A. B. Patel