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Large language models (LLMs) have advanced rapidly in recent years, driven by scale, abundant high-quality training data, and reinforcement learning. Yet this progress faces a fundamental bottleneck: the need for ever more data from which…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Jakub Grudzien Kuba , Mengting Gu , Qi Ma , Yuandong Tian , Vijai Mohan , Jason Chen

Recent video+language datasets cover domains where the interaction is highly structured, such as instructional videos, or where the interaction is scripted, such as TV shows. Both of these properties can lead to spurious cues to be…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-10 Alessandro Suglia , José Lopes , Emanuele Bastianelli , Andrea Vanzo , Shubham Agarwal , Malvina Nikandrou , Lu Yu , Ioannis Konstas , Verena Rieser

While there is rapid progress in video-LLMs with advanced reasoning capabilities, prior work shows that these models struggle on the challenging task of sports feedback generation and require expensive and difficult-to-collect finetuning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Arushi Rai , Adriana Kovashka

The need for data preservation and reproducible research is widely recognized in the scientific community. Yet, researchers often struggle to find the motivation to contribute to data repositories and to use tools that foster…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2019-03-07 Sebastian S. Feger , Sünje Dallmeier-Tiessen , Paweł W. Woźniak , Albrecht Schmidt

This paper extensively investigates the effectiveness of synthetic training data to improve the capabilities of vision-and-language models for grounding textual descriptions to image regions. We explore various strategies to best generate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Ruozhen He , Ziyan Yang , Paola Cascante-Bonilla , Alexander C. Berg , Vicente Ordonez

Training large language models (LLMs) for external tool usage is a rapidly expanding field, with recent research focusing on generating synthetic data to address the shortage of available data. However, the absence of systematic data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Shadi Iskander , Nachshon Cohen , Zohar Karnin , Ori Shapira , Sofia Tolmach

This work introduces a unified framework for analyzing games in greater depth. In the existing literature, players' strategies are typically assigned scalar values, and equilibrium concepts are used to identify compatible choices. However,…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Melih İşeri , Erhan Bayraktar

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used for tasks that require complex reasoning. Most benchmarks focus on final outcomes but overlook the intermediate reasoning steps - such as planning, revision, and decision making under…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Xiaopeng Yuan , Xingjian Zhang , Ke Xu , Yifan Xu , Lijun Yu , Jindong Wang , Yushun Dong , Haohan Wang

Federated learning is a prominent framework that enables clients (e.g., mobile devices or organizations) to train a collaboratively global model under a central server's orchestration while keeping local training datasets' privacy. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-20 Farnaz Tahmasebian , Jian Lou , Li Xiong

Defining a constructive process to build general capabilities for language models in an automatic manner is considered an open problem in artificial intelligence. Towards this, we consider the problem of building a curriculum of tasks that…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-04-14 Clément Hongler , Franck Gabriel , Valentin Hartmann , Arthur Renard , Andrew Emil

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated robust capabilities across various natural language tasks. However, producing outputs that are consistently honest and helpful remains an open challenge. To overcome this challenge, this paper…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Duc Hieu Ho , Chenglin Fan

People can evaluate features of problems and their potential solutions well before we can effectively solve them. When considering a game we have never played, for instance, we might infer whether it is likely to be challenging, fair, or…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-02-10 Cedegao E. Zhang , Katherine M. Collins , Lionel Wong , Mauricio Barba , Adrian Weller , Joshua B. Tenenbaum

Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized code generation but require significant resources and often over-generalize, limiting their task-specific efficiency. Fine-tuning smaller, open-source LLMs provides a cost-effective…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-27 Leitian Tao , Xiang Chen , Tong Yu , Tung Mai , Ryan Rossi , Yixuan Li , Saayan Mitra

Mean-field games (MFGs) are limiting models to approximate $N$-player games, with a number of applications. Despite the ever-growing numerical literature on computation of MFGs, there is no library that allows researchers and practitioners…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Xin Guo , Anran Hu , Matteo Santamaria , Mahan Tajrobehkar , Junzi Zhang

Many interesting problems in the Internet industry can be framed as a two-sided marketplace problem. Examples include search applications and recommender systems showing people, jobs, movies, products, restaurants, etc. Incorporating…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-06-24 Kinjal Basu , Cyrus DiCiccio , Heloise Logan , Noureddine El Karoui

Recent successes of game-theoretic formulations in ML have caused a resurgence of research interest in differentiable games. Overwhelmingly, that research focuses on methods and upper bounds on their speed of convergence. In this work, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-16 Adam Ibrahim , Waïss Azizian , Gauthier Gidel , Ioannis Mitliagkas

Large language models (LLMs) typically receive diverse natural language (NL) feedback through interaction with the environment. However, current reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms rely solely on scalar rewards, leaving the rich…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Lei Huang , Xiang Cheng , Chenxiao Zhao , Guobin Shen , Junjie Yang , Xiaocheng Feng , Yuxuan Gu , Xing Yu , Bing Qin

Privacy Policy under GDPR law helps users understand how software developers handle their personal data. GDPR privacy education must be considered a vital aspect of combating privacy threats. In this paper, we present the design and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-14 Abdulrahman Hassan Alhazmi , Nalin Asanka Gamagedara Arachchilage

Vision-language reinforcement learning (RL) has primarily focused on narrow domains (e.g. geometry or chart reasoning). This leaves broader training scenarios and resources underexplored, limiting the exploration and learning of Vision…

The development of high-quality software or software-intensive systems requires custom-tailored process models that fit the organizational and project goals as well as the development contexts. These models are a necessary prerequisite for…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2014-01-20 Jürgen Münch