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We study the Temporal Exploration problem, where an agent must visit all vertices of a temporal graph while traversing at most one available edge per time step. Unlike static graphs, which can be explored in linear time, temporal…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Ivan Lahtin , Viktor Zamaraev

We study the problem of multi-agent online graph exploration, in which a team of k agents has to explore a given graph, starting and ending on the same node. The graph is initially unknown. Whenever a node is visited by an agent, its…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Erik van den Akker , Kevin Buchin , Klaus-Tycho Foerster

Graph exploration is one of the fundamental tasks performed by a mobile agent in a graph. An $n$-node graph has unlabeled nodes, and all ports at any node of degree $d$ are arbitrarily numbered $0,\dots, d-1$. A mobile agent, initially…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-03-21 Andrzej Pelc

We study the exploration problem by mobile agents in two prominent models of dynamic graphs: $1$-Interval Connectivity and Connectivity Time. The $1$-Interval Connectivity model was introduced by Kuhn et al.~[STOC 2010], and the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Ashish Saxena , Kaushik Mondal

Temporal graphs are graphs where the edge set can change in each time step, and the vertex set stays the same. Exploration of temporal graphs whose snapshot in each time step is a connected graph, called connected temporal graphs, has been…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Konstantinos Dogeas , Thomas Erlebach , Frank Kammer , Johannes Meintrup , William K. Moses

We give an improved lower bound of 10/3 on the competitive ratio for the exploration of an undirected, edge-weighted graph with a single agent that needs to return to the starting location after visiting all vertices. We assume that the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-02-26 Alexander Birx , Yann Disser , Alexander V. Hopp , Christina Karousatou

\emph{Temporal graphs} are a generalisation of (static) graphs, defined by a sequence of \emph{snapshots}, each a static graph defined over a common set of vertices. \emph{Exploration} problems are one of the most fundamental and most…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Duncan Adamson , Paul G Spirakis

We study the problem of rendezvous of two mobile agents starting at distinct locations in an unknown graph. The agents have distinct labels and walk in synchronous steps. However the graph is unlabelled and the agents have no means of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2014-06-12 Shantanu Das , Dariusz Dereniowski , Adrian Kosowski , Przemyslaw Uznanski

We investigate the exploration and mapping of anonymous graphs by a mobile agent. It is long known that, without global information about the graph, it is not possible to make the agent halt after the exploration except if the graph is a…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2016-04-21 Jérémie Chalopin , Emmanuel Godard , Antoine Naudin

A temporal graph is a graph in which the edge set can change from one time step to the next. The temporal graph exploration problem TEXP is the problem of computing a foremost exploration schedule for a temporal graph, i.e., a temporal walk…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-03-17 Thomas Erlebach , Michael Hoffmann , Frank Kammer

We investigate the exploration of networks by a mobile agent. It is long known that, without global information about the graph, it is not possible to make the agent halts after the exploration except if the graph is a tree. We therefore…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-05-05 Jérémie Chalopin , Emmanuel Godard , Antoine Naudin

We investigate two fundamental problems in mobile computing: exploration and rendezvous, with two distinct mobile agents in an unknown graph. The agents may communicate by reading and writing information on whiteboards that are located at…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Romain Cosson

This work addresses the challenge of patrolling regular grid graphs of any dimension using a single mobile agent with minimal memory and limited sensing range. We show that it is impossible to patrol some grid graphs with $0$ bits of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Michael Amir , Dmitry Rabinovich , Alfred M. Bruckstein

A mobile agent, modeled as a deterministic finite automaton, navigates in the infinite anonymous oriented grid $\mathbb{Z} \times \mathbb{Z}$. It has to explore a given infinite subgraph of the grid by visiting all of its nodes. We focus on…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-02-02 Subhash Bhagat , Andrzej Pelc

We give lower bounds for various natural node- and edge-based local strategies for exploring a graph. We consider this problem both in the setting of an arbitrary graph as well as the abstraction of a geometric exploration of a space by a…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2016-03-21 Aditya Kumar Akash , Sandor P. Fekete , Seoung Kyou Lee , Alejandro Lopez-Ortiz , Daniela Maftuleac , James McLurkin

We study the problem of planning paths for $p$ distinguishable pebbles (robots) residing on the vertices of an $n$-vertex connected graph with $p \le n$. A pebble may move from a vertex to an adjacent one in a time step provided that it…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-03-20 Jingjin Yu , Daniela Rus

Consider a group of autonomous mobile computational entities, called agents, arbitrarily placed at some nodes of a dynamic but always connected ring. The agents neither have any knowledge about the size of the ring nor have a common notion…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-07-07 Archak Das , Kaustav Bose , Buddhadeb Sau

We investigate the computational power of the deterministic single-agent model where the agent and each node are equipped with a limited amount of persistent memory. Tasks are formalized as decision problems on properties of input graphs,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-09-07 Taisuke Izumi , Kazuki Kakizawa , Yuya Kawabata , Naoki Kitamura , Toshimitsu Masuzawa

We consider the problem of exploring an unknown tree with a team of $k$ initially colocated mobile agents. Each agent has limited energy and cannot, as a result, traverse more than $B$ edges. The goal is to maximize the number of nodes…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-02-20 Evangelos Bampas , Jérémie Chalopin , Shantanu Das , Jan Hackfeld , Christina Karousatou

In this note we confirm a conjecture raised by Benjamini et al. \cite{BST} on the acquaintance time of graphs, proving that for all graphs $G$ with $n$ vertices it holds that $\AC(G) = O(n^{3/2})$, which is tight up to a multiplicative…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-07-24 Omer Angel , Igor Shinkar