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This paper investigates the popular card game UNO from the viewpoint of algorithmic combinatorial game theory. We define simple and concise mathematical models for the game, including both cooperative and uncooperative versions, and analyze…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2013-12-03 Erik D. Demaine , Martin L. Demaine , Nicholas J. A. Harvey , Ryuhei Uehara , Takeaki Uno , Yushi Uno

We prove that king chasing problem in Chinese Chess is NP-hard when generalized to $n\times n$ boards. `King chasing' is a frequently-used strategy in Chinese Chess, which means that the player has to continuously check the opponent in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-04-03 Chao Li , Zhujun Zhang , Chao Yang

We investigate how robust the results of committee elections are to small changes in the input preference orders, depending on the voting rules used. We find that for typical rules the effect of making a single swap of adjacent candidates…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2019-07-24 Robert Bredereck , Piotr Faliszewski , Andrzej Kaczmarczyk , Rolf Niedermeier , Piotr Skowron , Nimrod Talmon

In many multiagent environments, a designer has some, but limited control over the game being played. In this paper, we formalize this by considering incompletely specified games, in which some entries of the payoff matrices can be chosen…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2021-04-30 Markus Brill , Rupert Freeman , Vincent Conitzer

We show that the maximum success probability of players sharing quantum entanglement in a two-player game with classical questions of logarithmic length and classical answers of constant length is NP-hard to approximate to within constant…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-11-24 Anand Natarajan , Thomas Vidick

In this paper, we show that the problem of determining whether one player can force a win in a multiplayer version of the children's card game War is PSPACE-hard. The same reduction shows that a related problem, asking whether a player can…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2015-03-11 Jonathan Weed

We build a general theory for characterizing the computational complexity of motion planning of robot(s) through a graph of "gadgets", where each gadget has its own state defining a set of allowed traversals which in turn modify the…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2020-01-15 Erik D. Demaine , Dylan H. Hendrickson , Jayson Lynch

We consider the problem of deciding, given a sequence of regions, if there is a choice of points, one for each region, such that the induced polyline is simple or weakly simple, meaning that it can touch but not cross itself. Specifically,…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2023-04-27 Thijs van der Horst , Tim Ophelders , Bart van der Steenhoven

We prove that the lonely runner conjecture holds for eight runners. Our proof relies on a computer verification and on recent results that allow bounding the size of a minimal counterexample. We note that our approach also applies to the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-10-17 Matthieu Rosenfeld

The recent lottery ticket hypothesis proposes that there is one sub-network that matches the accuracy of the original network when trained in isolation. We show that instead each network contains several winning tickets, even if the initial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-15 Kathrin Grosse , Michael Backes

Poker is a family of card games that includes many variations. We hypothesize that most poker games can be solved as a pattern matching problem, and propose creating a strong poker playing system based on a unified poker representation. Our…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2015-09-23 Nikolai Yakovenko , Liangliang Cao , Colin Raffel , James Fan

We prove that it is NP-hard to decide whether two points in a polygonal domain with holes can be connected by a wire. This implies that finding any approximation to the shortest path for a long snake amidst polygonal obstacles is NP-hard.…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2015-05-19 Irina Kostitsyna , Valentin Polishchuk

We show that solving delay games with winning conditions given by deterministic and nondeterministic weak Muller automata is 2EXPTIME-complete respectively 3EXPTIME-complete. Furthermore, doubly and triply exponential lookahead is necessary…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2022-10-20 Sarah Winter , Martin Zimmermann

In the "Game about Squares" the task is to push unit squares on an integer lattice onto corresponding dots. A square can only be moved into one given direction. When a square is pushed onto a lattice point with an arrow the direction of the…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2014-08-21 Jens Maßberg

Suppose that $k$ runners having different constant speeds run laps on a circular track of unit length. The Lonely Runner Conjecture states that, sooner or later, any given runner will be at distance at least $1/k$ from all the other…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-02-07 Sebastian Czerwiński

A closed curve in the plane is weakly simple if it is the limit (in the Fr\'echet metric) of a sequence of simple closed curves. We describe an algorithm to determine whether a closed walk of length n in a simple plane graph is weakly…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2015-03-30 Hsien-Chih Chang , Jeff Erickson , Chao Xu

The Nakamura number of a simple game plays a critical role in preference aggregation (or multi-criterion ranking): the number of alternatives that the players can always deal with rationally is less than this number. We comprehensively…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2011-07-05 Masahiro Kumabe , H. Reiju Mihara

We show that the quantum query complexity of evaluating NAND-tree instances with average choice complexity at most $W$ is $O(W)$, where average choice complexity is a measure of the difficulty of winning the associated two-player game. This…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-04-06 Stacey Jeffery , Shelby Kimmel

We are going to show that some variants of a puzzle called Pull in which the boxes have handles (i.e. we can only pull the boxes in certain directions) are NP-hard

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2018-01-01 Oscar Temprano

The game of SET is a popular card game in which the objective is to form Sets using cards from a special deck. In this paper we study single- and multi-round variations of this game from the computational complexity point of view and…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2013-09-26 Michael Lampis , Valia Mitsou