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The paper proposes an analysis of liquid democracy (or, delegable proxy voting) from the perspective of binary aggregation and of binary diffusion models. We show how liquid democracy on binary issues can be embedded into the framework of…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2017-01-20 Zoé Christoff , Davide Grossi

Transitive proxy voting (or "liquid democracy") is a novel form of collective decision making, often framed as an attractive hybrid of direct and representative democracy. Although the ideas behind liquid democracy have garnered widespread…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-07-07 Jacqueline Harding

Liquid democracy is a proxy voting method where proxies are delegable. We propose and study a game-theoretic model of liquid democracy to address the following question: when is it rational for a voter to delegate her vote? We study the…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2018-11-21 Daan Bloembergen , Davide Grossi , Martin Lackner

In liquid democracy, agents can either vote directly or delegate their vote to a different agent of their choice. This results in a power structure in which certain agents possess more voting weight than others. As a result, it opens up…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Shiri Alouf-Heffetz , Tanmay Inamdar , Pallavi Jain , Yash More , Nimrod Talmon

Liquid democracy is the principle of making collective decisions by letting agents transitively delegate their votes. Despite its significant appeal, it has become apparent that a weakness of liquid democracy is that a small subset of…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2019-11-20 Paul Gölz , Anson Kahng , Simon Mackenzie , Ariel D. Procaccia

In this paper, we study liquid democracy, a collective decision making paradigm which lies between direct and representative democracy. One main feature of liquid democracy is that voters can delegate their votes in a transitive manner so…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-05-17 Bruno Escoffier , Hugo Gilbert , Adèle Pass-Lanneau

Liquid democracy is a novel paradigm for collective decision-making that gives agents the choice between casting a direct vote or delegating their vote to another agent. We consider a generalization of the standard liquid democracy setting…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2021-12-15 Markus Brill , Théo Delemazure , Anne-Marie George , Martin Lackner , Ulrike Schmidt-Kraepelin

Liquid democracy is a mechanism for the division of labor in decision-making through the transitive delegation of influence. In essence, all individuals possess the autonomy to determine the issues with which they will engage directly,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Davide Grossi , Andreas Nitsche

Liquid democracy is a form of transitive delegative democracy that has received a flurry of scholarly attention from the computer science community in recent years. In its simplest form, every agent starts with one vote and may have other…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2022-06-14 Brian Brubach , Audrey Ballarin , Heeba Nazeer

The idea of liquid democracy responds to a widely-felt desire to make democracy more "fluid" and continuously participatory. Its central premise is to enable users to employ networked technologies to control and delegate voting power, to…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-03-30 Bryan Ford

Proponents of participatory democracy praise Liquid Democracy: decisions are taken by referendum, but voters delegate their votes freely. When better informed voters are present, delegation can increase the probability of a correct…

General Economics · Economics 2024-04-24 Victoria Mooers , Joseph Campbell , Alessandra Casella , Lucas de Lara , Dilip Ravindran

Liquid democracy is a decision-making paradigm in which each agent can either vote directly for some alternative or (transitively) delegate its vote to another agent. To mitigate the issue of delegation cycles or the concentration of power,…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-09-05 Matthias Bentert , Niclas Boehmer , Maciej Rymar , Henri Tannenberg

The paper develops a theory of power for delegable proxy voting systems. We define a power index able to measure the influence of both voters and delegators. Using this index, which we characterize axiomatically, we extend an earlier…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2020-10-15 Yuzhe Zhang , Davide Grossi

We examine an approval-based model of Liquid Democracy with a budget constraint on voting and delegating costs, aiming to centrally select casting voters ensuring complete representation of the electorate. From a computational complexity…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Shiri Alouf-Heffetz , Łukasz Janeczko , Grzegorz Lisowski , Georgios Papasotiropoulos

Liquid democracy is a system that combines aspects of direct democracy and representative democracy by allowing voters to either vote directly themselves, or delegate their votes to others. In this paper we study the information aggregation…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2023-06-08 Amrita Dhillon , Grammateia Kotsialou , Dilip Ravindran , Dimitrios Xefteris

Liquid democracy allows members of an electorate to either directly vote over alternatives, or delegate their voting rights to someone they trust. Most of the liquid democracy literature and implementations allow each voter to nominate only…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2019-02-26 Grammateia Kotsialou , Luke Riley

Liquid democracy is a hybrid direct-representative decision making process that provides each voter with the option of either voting directly or to delegate their vote to another voter, i.e., to a representative of their choice. One of the…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2023-08-04 Gregory Butterworth , Richard Booth

We investigate efficient ways for the incorporation of liquid democracy into election settings in which voters submit cumulative ballots, i.e., when each voter is assigned a virtual coin that she can then distribute as she wishes among the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-08-31 Matthias Köppe , Martin Koutecký , Krzysztof Sornat , Nimrod Talmon

The dynamics of random transitive delegations on a graph are of particular interest when viewed through the lens of an emerging voting paradigm, liquid democracy. This paradigm allows voters to choose between directly voting and…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2024-08-28 Adam Berinsky , Daniel Halpern , Joseph Y. Halpern , Ali Jadbabaie , Elchanan Mossel , Ariel D. Procaccia , Manon Revel

In recent years, the study of various models and questions related to Liquid Democracy has been of growing interest among the community of Computational Social Choice. A concern that has been raised, is that current academic literature…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-07-25 Evangelos Markakis , Georgios Papasotiropoulos
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