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The anti-Ramsey number of Erd\"os, Simonovits and S\'os from 1973 has become a classic invariant in Graph Theory. To study this invariant in Matroid Theory, we use a related invariant introduce by Arocha, Bracho and Neumann-Lara. The…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-08-30 Criel Merino , Juan José Montellano-Ballesteros

We study an anti-Ramsey extension of the classical Corr\'{a}di--Hajnal Theorem: how many colors are needed to color the complete graph on $n$ vertices in order to guarantee a rainbow copy of $t K_{3}$, that is, $t$ vertex-disjoint…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-10-07 Deng Jinghua , Hou Jianfeng , Hu caiyun , Liu xizhi

We prove that any family $E_1, \ldots , E_{\lceil rn \rceil}$ of (not necessarily distinct) sets of edges in an $r$-uniform hypergraph, each having a fractional matching of size $n$, has a rainbow fractional matching of size $n$ (that is, a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-01-27 Ron Aharoni , Ron Holzman , Zilin Jiang

We give a new proof Tverberg's famous theorem: For every set $X \subset \R^d$ with $|X|=(r-1)(d+1)+1$, there is a partition of $X$ into $r$ sets $X_1,\ldots,X_r$ such that $\bigcap_{p=1}^r \conv X_p\ne \emptyset$. The new proof uses linear…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-08-22 Imre Barany

We give a near-linear time 4-coloring algorithm for planar graphs, improving on the previous quadratic time algorithm by Robertson et al. from 1996. Such an algorithm cannot be achieved by the known proofs of the Four Color Theorem (4CT).…

We show that if a multigraph $G$ with maximum edge-multiplicity of at most $\frac{\sqrt{n}}{\log^2 n}$, is edge-coloured by $n$ colours such that each colour class is a disjoint union of cliques with at least $2n + o(n)$ vertices, then it…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-02-24 David Munhá Correia , Liana Yepremyan

Let $G = (V, E)$ be an $n$-vertex edge-colored graph. In 2013, H. Li proved that if every vertex $v \in V$ is incident to at least $(n+1)/2$ distinctly colored edges, then $G$ admits a rainbow triangle. We prove that the same hypothesis…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-02-24 Andrzej Czygrinow , Theodore Molla , Brendan Nagle , Roy Oursler

An edge-coloured graph is said to be rainbow if no colour appears more than once. Extremal problems involving rainbow objects have been a focus of much research over the last decade as they capture the essence of a number of interesting…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-02-27 Noga Alon , Matija Bucić , Lisa Sauermann , Dmitrii Zakharov , Or Zamir

A coloring is called $s$-wide if no walk of length $2s-1$ connects vertices of the same color. A graph is $s$-widely colorable with $t$ colors if and only if it admits a homomorphism into a universal graph $W(s,t)$. Tardif observed that the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-02-08 Anna Gujgiczer , Gábor Simonyi

The Rainbow k-Coloring problem asks whether the edges of a given graph can be colored in $k$ colors so that every pair of vertices is connected by a rainbow path, i.e., a path with all edges of different colors. Our main result states that…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-02-19 Łukasz Kowalik , Juho Lauri , Arkadiusz Socała

Given a multi-hypergraph $G$ that is edge-colored into color classes $E_1, \ldots, E_n$, a full rainbow matching is a matching of $G$ that contains exactly one edge from each color class $E_i$. One way to guarantee the existence of a full…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-12-19 Ronen Wdowinski

Given a vertex-colored graph, we say a path is a rainbow vertex path if all its internal vertices have distinct colors. The graph is rainbow vertex-connected if there is a rainbow vertex path between every pair of its vertices. In the…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2020-05-12 Paloma T. Lima , Erik Jan van Leeuwen , Marieke van der Wegen

An abstract, Hales-Jewett type extension of the polynomial van der Waerden Theorem [J. Amer. Math. Soc. 9 (1996),725-753] is established: Theorem. Let r,d,q \in \N. There exists N \in \N such that for any r-coloring of the set of subsets of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-09-07 Vitaly Bergelson , Alexander Leibman

A coloring of a matroid is proper if elements of the same color form an independent set. For a loopless matroid M, its chromatic number \chi(M) is the minimum number of colors that suffices to color properly the ground set E of M. In this…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-02-02 Michał Lasoń

Let $G$ be a planar embedding with list-assignment $L$ and outer cycle $C$, and let $P$ be a path of length at most four on $C$, where each vertex of $G\setminus C$ has a list of size at least five and each vertex of $C\setminus P$ has a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-12-21 Joshua Nevin

Given an edge-coloured graph, we say that a subgraph is rainbow if all of its edges have different colours. Let $\operatorname{ex}(n,H,$rainbow-$F)$ denote the maximal number of copies of $H$ that a properly edge-coloured graph on $n$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-02-28 Barnabás Janzer

Motivated by different characterizations of planar graphs and the 4-Color Theorem, several structural results concerning graphs of high chromatic number have been obtained. Toward strengthening some of these results, we consider the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-08-07 Andrea Jiménez , Jessica McDonald , Reza Naserasr , Kathryn Nurse , Daniel A. Quiroz

For a fixed graph $F$ and an integer $t$, the \dfn{rainbow saturation number} of $F$, denoted by $sat_t(n,\mathfrak{R}(F))$, is defined as the minimum number of edges in a $t$-edge-colored graph on $n$ vertices which does not contain a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-01-20 Shujuan Cao , Yuede Ma , Zhenyu Taoqiu

We show that for every finite colouring of the natural numbers there exists $a,b >1$ such that the triple $\{a,b,a^b\}$ is monochromatic. We go on to show the partition regularity of a much richer class of patterns involving exponentiation.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-10-24 Julian Sahasrabudhe

P. Kirchberger proved that, for a finite subset $X$ of $\mathbb{R}^{d}$ such that each point in $X$ is painted with one of two colors, if every $d+2$ or fewer points in $X$ can be separated along the colors, then all the points in $X$ can…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-05-20 Takahisa Toda
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