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Portable and cost-effective gas sensors are gaining demand for a number of environmental, biomedical and industrial applications, yet current devices are confined into specialized labs and cannot be extended to general use. Here, we…

With the strong robusticity on illumination variations, near-infrared (NIR) can be an effective and essential complement to visible (VIS) facial expression recognition in low lighting or complete darkness conditions. However, facial…

We present a method for a complete characterization of a femtosecond ultraviolet pulse when a fundamental near-infrared beam is also available. Our approach relies on generation of second harmonic from the pre-characterized fundamental,…

Non-invasive optical focusing inside scattering media is still a big challenge because inhomogeneous media scatter both incoming photons for focusing and outgoing photons for observation. Various approaches, utilizing non-linear…

Neural Radiance Fields (NeRF) is a popular view synthesis technique that represents a scene as a continuous volumetric function, parameterized by multilayer perceptrons that provide the volume density and view-dependent emitted radiance at…

The refractive optical design of the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) Near Infrared Camera (NIRCam) uses three infrared materials in its lenses: LiF, BaF2, and ZnSe. In order to provide the instrument's optical designers with accurate,…

Super-resolution Structured Illumination Microscopy (SR-SIM) enables fluorescence microscopy beyond the diffraction limit at high frame rates. Compared to other super-resolution microscopy techniques, the low photon fluence used in SR-SIM…

Terahertz (THz) imaging has emerged as a promising technology in medical diagnostics due to its non-ionizing radiation and high sensitivity to water content. However, conventional THz imaging systems face limitations such as slow mechanical…

Infrared (IR) imaging is one of the significant tools for the quality control measurements of fabricated samples. Standard IR imaging techniques use direct measurements, where light sources and detectors operate at IR range. Due to the…

Neural Radiance Field (NeRF) has been a mainstream in novel view synthesis with its remarkable quality of rendered images and simple architecture. Although NeRF has been developed in various directions improving continuously its…

Infrared Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS) is the first light instrument for the Thirty Meter Telescope (TMT) that consists of a near-infrared (0.84 to 2.4 micron) imager and integral field spectrograph (IFS) which operates at the…

By adjusting the incidence angle of incoming X-ray near the critical angle of X-ray total reflection, the photoelectron intensity is strongly modulated due to the variation of X-ray penetration depth. Photoelectron spectroscopy (PES)…

Interferometry techniques are essential for extracting phase information from optical systems, enabling precise measurements of dispersion and highly sensitive detection of perturbations. While phase sensing offers enhanced sensitivity…

Tip enhanced IR spectra and imaging have been widely used in cutting-edge studies for the in-depth understanding of the composition, structure and function of interfaces at the nanoscale. However, molecular monolayer sensitivity has only…

Single-shot supercontinuum spectral interferometry (SSSI) is an optical technique that can measure ultrafast transients in the complex index of refraction. This method uses chirped supercontinuum reference/probe pulses that need to be…

Understanding transcription factor dynamics is crucial for unraveling the regulatory mechanisms of gene expression that underpin cellular function and development. Measurements of transcription factor subcellular movements are essential for…

Implicit representations like Neural Radiance Fields (NeRF) showed impressive results for photorealistic rendering of complex scenes with fine details. However, ideal or near-perfectly specular reflecting objects such as mirrors, which are…

The InfraRed Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS) is the first-light client instrument for the Narrow Field Infrared Adaptive Optics System (NFIRAOS) on the Thirty Meter Telescope (TMT). IRIS includes three natural guide star (NGS) On-Instrument…

The MIRI Si:As IBC detector arrays extend the heritage technology from the Spitzer IRAC arrays to a 1024 x 1024 pixel format. We provide a short discussion of the principles of operation, design, and performance of the individual MIRI…

The InfraRed Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS) will be a first-light client instrument for the Narrow Field Infrared Adaptive Optics System (NFIRAOS) on the Thirty Meter Telescope. IRIS includes three configurable tip/tilt (TT) or tip/tilt/focus…