English
Related papers

Related papers: An Unoriented Variation on de Bruijn Sequences

200 papers

Let $\widetilde{\alpha}$ be a length-$L$ cyclic sequence of characters from a size-$K$ alphabet $\mathcal{A}$ such that the number of occurrences of any length-$m$ string on $\mathcal{A}$ as a substring of $\widetilde{\alpha}$ is $\lfloor L…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-06-24 Abhinav Nellore , Rachel Ward

A graph $G=(V,E)$ is word-representable if there exists a word $w$ over the alphabet $V$ such that letters $x$ and $y$ alternate in $w$ if and only if $xy\in E$. Word-representable graphs generalize several important classes of graphs such…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-07-13 Anthony V. Petyuk

A binary modified de Bruijn sequence is an infinite and periodic binary sequence derived by removing a zero from the longest run of zeros in a binary de Bruijn sequence. The minimal polynomial of the modified sequence is its unique…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-02-04 Musthofa , Indah Emilia Wijayanti , Diah Junia Eksi Palupi , Martianus Frederic Ezerman

A De Bruijn cycle is a cyclic sequence in which every word of length $n$ over an alphabet $\mathcal{A}$ appears exactly once. De Bruijn tori are a two-dimensional analogue. Motivated by recent progress on universal partial cycles and words,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-04-02 William D. Carey , Matthew David Kearney , Rachel Kirsch , Stefan Popescu

The nodes of the de Bruijn graph B(d,3) consist of all strings of length 3, taken from an alphabet of size d, with edges between words which are distinct substrings of a word of length 4. We give an inductive characterization of the maximum…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2010-09-29 Dustin A. Cartwright , Maria Angelica Cueto , Enrique A. Tobis

Negative orientable sequences, i.e. periodic sequences with elements from a finite alphabet of size at least three in which an n-tuple or the negative of its reverse appears at most once in a period of the sequence, were introduced by…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-02-09 Chris J Mitchell , Peter R Wild

A universal cycle for a set S of combinatorial objects is a cyclic sequence of length |S| that contains a representative of each element in S exactly once as a substring. Despite the many universal cycle constructions known in the…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Daniel Gabric , Wazed Imam , Lukas Janik Jones , Joe Sawada

A universal cycle, or u-cycle, for a given set of words is a circular word that contains each word from the set exactly once as a contiguous subword. The celebrated de Bruijn sequences are a particular case of such a u-cycle, where a set in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-08-06 Herman Z. Q. Chen , Sergey Kitaev , Brian Y. Sun

We introduce the notion of unavoidable (complete) sets of word patterns, which is a refinement for that of words, and study certain numerical characteristics for unavoidable sets of patterns. In some cases we employ the graph of pattern…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Alexander Burstein , Sergey Kitaev

We define generalized de Bruijn words as those words having a Burrows-Wheeler transform that is a concatenation of permutations of the alphabet. We show that generalized de Bruijn words are in 1-to-1 correspondence with Hamiltonian cycles…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-07-30 Gabriele Fici , Estéban Gabory

De novo DNA assembly is a fundamental task in Bioinformatics, and finding Eulerian paths on de Bruijn graphs is one of the dominant approaches to it. In most of the cases, there may be no one order for the de Bruijn graph that works well…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-05-15 Diego Díaz-Domínguez , Djamal Belazzougui , Travis Gagie , Veli Mäkinen , Gonzalo Navarro , Simon J. Puglisi

We prove that for every integer $n > 0$ and for every alphabet $\Sigma_k$ of size $k \geq 3$, there exists a necklace of length $n$ whose Burrows-Wheeler Transform (BWT) is completely unclustered, i.e., it consists of exactly $n$ runs with…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Gabriele Fici , Estéban Gabory , Giuseppe Romana , Marinella Sciortino

The de Bruijn graph $G_K$ of a set of strings $S$ is a key data structure in genome assembly that represents overlaps between all the $K$-length substrings of $S$. Construction and navigation of the graph is a space and time bottleneck in…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2014-11-18 Christina Boucher , Alex Bowe , Travis Gagie , Simon J. Puglisi , Kunihiko Sadakane

The numbers we study in this paper are of the form $B_{n, p}(k)$, which is the number of binary words of length $n$ that contain the word $p$ (as a subsequence) exactly $k$ times. Our motivation comes from the analogous study of pattern…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-06-14 Krishna Menon , Anurag Singh

Intrinsic Diophantine approximation on fractals, such as the Cantor ternary set, was undoubtedly motivated by questions asked by K. Mahler (1984). One of the main goals of this paper is to develop and utilize the theory of infinite de…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-10-18 Lior Fishman , Keith Merrill , David Simmons

Analogously to de Bruijn sequences, Orientable sequences have application in automatic position-location applications and, until recently, studies of these sequences focused on the binary case. In recent work by Alhakim et al., recursive…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-03-20 Chris J Mitchell , Peter R Wild

We present sufficient conditions for when an ordering of universal cycles $\alpha_1, \alpha_2, \ldots, \alpha_m$ for disjoint sets $\mathbf{S}_1, \mathbf{S}_2, \ldots , \mathbf{S}_m$ can be concatenated together to obtain a universal cycle…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-06-25 Daniel Gabric , Joe Sawada

One of the fundamental ways to construct De Bruijn sequences is by using a shift-rule. A shift-rule receives a word as an argument and computes the symbol that appears after it in the sequence. An optimal shift-rule for an $(n,k)$-De Bruijn…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2019-05-17 Gal Amram , Amir Rubin

An orientable sequence of order $n$ is a cyclic binary sequence such that each length-$n$ substring appears at most once \emph{in either direction}. Maximal length orientable sequences are known only for $n\leq 7$, and a trivial upper bound…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-05-27 Daniel Gabric , Joe Sawada

It is well known that Sturmian sequences are the aperiodic sequences that are balanced over a 2-letter alphabet. They are also characterized by their complexity: they have exactly $(n+1)$ factors of length $n$. One possible generalization…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 G. Paquin , L. Vuillon