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The electric double layer (EDL) formed around charged nanostructures at the liquid-solid interface determines their electrochemical activity and influences their electrical and optical polarizability. We experimentally demonstrate that…
The interaction between free electrons and nanoscale optical fields has emerged as a unique platform to investigate ultrafast processes in matter and explore fundamental quantum phenomena. In particular, optically modulated electrons are…
The purpose of this project is to investigate the use of charge couple devices (CCDs) to detect electrons directly. This can be done in transmission electron microscopy (TEM) for electrons over 100 KeV, but for space plasma instruments,…
Efforts to map atomic-scale chemistry at low doses with minimal noise using electron microscopes are fundamentally limited by inelastic interactions. Here, fused multi-modal electron microscopy offers high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR)…
Optical metasurfaces have shown to be a powerful approach to planar optical elements, enabling an unprecedented control over light phase and amplitude. At that stage, where wide variety of static functionalities have been accomplished, most…
Space-based stellar coronagraph instruments aim to directly image exoplanets that are a fraction of an arcsecond separation and ten billion times fainter than their host star. To achieve this, one or more deformable mirrors (DMs) are used…
Fine structure analysis of core electron excitation spectra is a cornerstone characterization technique across the physical sciences. Spectra are most commonly measured with synchrotron radiation and X-ray spot sizes on the {\mu}m to mm…
The velocity Slice Imaging technique has revolutionised electron molecule interaction studies. Multiple electrostatic lens assemblies are often used in spectrometers for resolving low kinetic energy fragments. However, in a crossed-beam…
Feynman once asked physicists to build better electron microscopes to be able to watch biology at work. While electron microscopes can now provide atomic resolution, electron beam induced specimen damage precludes high resolution imaging of…
Error-control-coding (ECC) techniques are widely used in modern digital communication systems to minimize the effect of noisy channels on the quality of received signals. Motivated by the fact that both communication and imaging can be…
Interfacing electrons and light enables ultrafast electron microscopy, quantum control of electrons, as well as new optical elements for high sensitivity imaging. Here we demonstrate for the first time programmable transverse electron beam…
Aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopes (STEM) provide sub-angstrom lateral resolution; however, the large convergence angle greatly reduces the depth of field. For microscopes with a small depth of field,…
High-resolution X-ray photoemission electron microscopy (X-PEEM) is a well-established method for imaging ferroelectric domain structures. Here, we expand the scope of application of X-PEEM and demonstrate its capability for imaging and…
Digital imaging has been steadily improving over the past decades and we are moving towards a wide use of multi- and hyperspectral cameras. A key component of such imaging systems are color filter arrays, which define the spectrum of light…
Electron microscopy is a powerful tool for visualizing the shapes of sub-nanometer objects. However, contrast is not in proportional to density distribution, and therefore achieving a quantitative understanding of specimens is not…
Electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) is a powerful tool for imaging chemical variations at the nanoscale. Here, we investigate a polymer/organic small molecule-blend used as absorber layer in an organic solar cell and employ EELS for…
By adjusting the incidence angle of incoming X-ray near the critical angle of X-ray total reflection, the photoelectron intensity is strongly modulated due to the variation of X-ray penetration depth. Photoelectron spectroscopy (PES)…
Modern microscopy techniques are aimed at imaging an individual molecule at atomic resolution. Here we show that low-energy electrons with kinetic energies of 50-250 eV offer a possibility of overcome the problem of radiation damage, and…
Defect engineering using self-doping or creating vacancies in polycrystalline oxide based materials has profound influence on optical absorption, UV photo detection, and electrical switching. However, defects induced semiconducting oxide…
Electron tomography (ET) offers nanoscale 3D characterization of mesoporous materials but is often limited by their low scattering contrast. Here, we introduce a gallium (Ga) intrusion strategy for mesoporous silica that dramatically…