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Related papers: Yield, Area and Energy Optimization in Stt-MRAMs u…

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As spin-orbit-torque magnetic random-access memory (SOT-MRAM) is gathering great interest as the next-generation low-power and high-speed on-chip cache memory applications, it is critical to analyze the magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ)…

Applied Physics · Physics 2020-05-28 Xiang Li , Shy-Jay Lin , Mahendra DC , Yu-Ching Liao , Chengyang Yao , Azad Naeemi , Wilman Tsai , Shan X. Wang

The SRAM cell is made up of latch, which ensures that the cell data is preserved as long as power is turned on and refresh operation is not required for the SRAM cell. SRAM is widely used for on-chip cache memory in microprocessors, game…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2019-05-22 Apollos Ezeogu

Many key electronic technologies (e.g., large-scale computing, machine learning, and superconducting electronics) require new memories that are fast, reliable, energy-efficient, and of low-impedance at the same time, which has remained a…

Applied Physics · Physics 2020-01-15 Lijun Zhu , Lujun Zhu , Shengjie Shi , D. C. Ralph , R. A. Buhrman

Spin-Transfer Torque RAM (STTRAM) is a promising alternative to SRAM in on-chip caches due to several advantages. These advantages include non-volatility, low leakage, high integration density, and CMOS compatibility. Prior studies have…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-09-25 Kyle Kuan , Tosiron Adegbija

Thanks to its superior features of fast read/write speed and low power consumption, spin-torque transfer magnetic random access memory (STT-MRAM) has become a promising non-volatile memory (NVM) technology that is suitable for many…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Xingwei Zhong , Kui Cai , Zhen Mei , Tony Q. S. Quek

As DRAM scales to higher density and I/O speeds, ensuring data correctness becomes increasingly difficult. Industry has responded with a three-layer stack: on-die ECC (O-ECC), link ECC (L-ECC), and system ECC (S-ECC). However, these layers…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Junhwan Kim , Seunghyun Kim , Yesin Ryu , Saeid Gorgin , Jungrae Kim

Impact of spin transfer torque (STT) on the write error rate of a voltage-torque-based magnetoresistive random access memory is theoretically analyzed by using the macrospin model. During the voltage pulse the STT assists or suppresses the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2019-06-04 Hiroshi Imamura , Rie Matsumoto

Stencil algorithms on regular lattices appear in many fields of computational science, and much effort has been put into optimized implementations. Such activities are usually not guided by performance models that provide estimates of…

Performance · Computer Science 2016-01-28 Holger Stengel , Jan Treibig , Georg Hager , Gerhard Wellein

In communication and storage systems, error correction codes (ECCs) are pivotal in ensuring data reliability. As deep learning's applicability has broadened across diverse domains, there is a growing research focus on neural network-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-28 Seong-Joon Park , Hee-Youl Kwak , Sang-Hyo Kim , Sunghwan Kim , Yongjune Kim , Jong-Seon No

With the success of transformer architectures across diverse applications, the error correction code transformer (ECCT) has gained significant attention for its superior decoding performance. In spite of its advantages, the error floor…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Taewoo Park , Seong-Joon Park , Hee-Youl Kwak , Sang-Hyo Kim , Yongjune Kim

This paper summarizes our work on experimentally characterizing, mitigating, and recovering read disturb errors in multi-level cell (MLC) NAND flash memory, which was published in DSN 2015, and examines the work's significance and future…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2018-05-10 Yu Cai , Yixin Luo , Saugata Ghose , Erich F. Haratsch , Ken Mai , Onur Mutlu

Stochastic behaviors of resistive random access memory (RRAM) play an important role in the design of cross-point memory arrays. A Monte Carlo compact model of oxide RRAM is developed and calibrated with experiments on various device stack…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2019-07-19 Haitong Li , Peng Huang , Bin Gao , Xiaoyan Liu , Jinfeng Kang , H. -S. Philip Wong

This application note discusses the working principle of spin-transfer torque magnetoresistive random access memory (STT-MRAM) and the impact that magnetic fields can have on STT-MRAM operation. Sources of magnetic field and typical…

We investigated the performance of spin transfer torque random access memory (STT-RAM) cell with cross shaped Heusler compound based free layer using micromagnetic simulations. We designed the free layer using Cobalt based Heusler…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2014-01-28 Tangudu Bharat Kumar , Bhaskar Awadhiya , E. MeherAbhinav , Bahniman Ghosh , Bhupesh Bishnoi

Function-Correcting Codes (FCCs) enable reliable computation of a function of a $k$-bit message over noisy channels without requiring full message recovery. In this work, we study optimal single-error correcting FCCs (SEFCCs) for…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Rajlaxmi Pandey , Shiven Bajpai , Anjana A Mahesh , B. Sundar Rajan

In-memory computing promises to overcome the von Neumann bottleneck in computer systems by performing computations directly within the memory. Previous research has suggested using Spin-Transfer Torque RAM (STT-RAM) for in-memory computing…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Dhruv Gajaria , Kevin Antony Gomez , Tosiron Adegbija

Approximate computing (AC) leverages the inherent error resilience and is used in many big-data applications from various domains such as multimedia, computer vision, signal processing, and machine learning to improve systems performance…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2022-05-24 Farah Ferdaus , B. M. S. Bahar Talukder , Md Tauhidur Rahman

As the capacity of power systems grows, the need for quick and precise short-circuit fault location becomes increasingly vital for ensuring the safe and continuous supply of power. In this paper, we propose a fault location method that…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-02 Guanbo Wang , Chijie Zhuang , Jun Deng , Zhicheng Xie

Power dissipation and energy consumption have become one of the most important problems in the design of processors today. This is especially true in power-constrained environments, such as embedded and mobile computing. While lowering the…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2011-11-22 Sourya Roy , Tyler Clemons , S M Faisal , Ke Liu , Nikos Hardavellas , Srinivasan Parthasarathy

In most error correction coding (ECC) frameworks, the typical error metric is the bit error rate (BER) which measures the number of bit errors. For this metric, the positions of the bits are not relevant to the decoding, and in many noise…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-10-11 Chai Wah Wu