Related papers: Physical basis of critical analysis
A common situation in experimental physics is to have a signal which can not be separated from a non-interfering background through the use of any cut. In this paper, we describe a procedure for determining, on an event-by-event basis, a…
In the next decade, high energy physicists will use very sophisticated equipment to record unprecedented amounts of data in the hope of making major advances in our understanding of particle phenomena. Some of the signals of new physics…
The concept of the "statistical significance" of an observation, and how it is used in particle physics experiments is reviewed. More properly known as a "p-value," the statistical foundations for this concept are reviewed from a freqentist…
This study provides a summary of the theory which enables the analysis of extreme values, i.e., of measurements acquired from the observation of extraordinary/rare physical phenomena. The formalism is developed in a transparent way,…
It is shown that a well-known theory of random stationary processes contain contradictions. Integral representations of correlation functions and random stationary processes are investigated further. The new method of struggle with…
We show how to adapt the approach introduced for viscous damping in [1] to derive the approximate amplitude decay in the case of damping by a force of constant magnitude (sliding friction) and in the case of damping by a force proportional…
E-science of photometric data requires automatic procedures and a precise recognition of periodic patterns to perform science as well as possible on large data. Analytical equations that enable us to set the best constraints to properly…
The occurrence of successive extreme observations can have an impact on society. In extreme value theory there are parameters to evaluate the effect of clustering of high values, such as the extremal index. The estimation of the extremal…
Decays of unstable heavy particles usually involve the coherent sum of several amplitudes, like in a multiple slit experiment. Dedicated amplitude analysis techniques have been widely used to resolve these amplitudes for better…
Searches for statistically significant correlations between arrival directions of ultra-high energy cosmic rays and classes of astrophysical objects are common in astroparticle physics. We present a method to test potential correlation…
In environmental sciences, it is often of interest to assess whether the dependence between extreme measurements has changed during the observation period. The aim of this work is to propose a statistical test that is particularly sensitive…
This article reviews the concepts and methods of variational path sampling. These methods allow computational studies of rare events in systems driven arbitrarily far from equilibrium. Based upon a statistical mechanics of trajectory space…
Although the weak nonleptonic amplitudes of the Standard Model are notoriously difficult to calculate, we have produced a modified weak matrix element which can be analyzed using reliable methods. This hypothetical nonleptonic matrix…
Circular variables that represent directions or periodic observations arise in many fields, such as biology and environmental sciences. An important issue when dealing with circular data is how to estimate their dispersion robustly,…
The method is described and tested for analysis of statistical parameters of reduced neutron widths distributions accounting for possibility of coexistence of superposition of some functions with non-zero mean values of neutron amplitude…
Various statistical issues relevant to searches for new physics or to parameter determination in analyses of data in neutrino experiments are briefly discussed.
We define and test $\mathrm{CP}$-even and $\mathrm{CP}$-odd partial differential widths for the process $\tau\rightarrow K\pi\pi\nu_{\tau}$ assuming that an intermediate heavy charged scalar contributes to the decay amplitude. Adopting a…
A new look on the principal component analysis has been presented. Firstly, a geometric interpretation of determination coefficient was shown. In turn, the ability to represent the analyzed data and their interdependencies in the form of…
Strong interaction effects are addressed in connection to extracting |V_{cb}|. A comprehensive approach is described not relying on a 1/m_c expansion; it allows a percent accuracy without ad hoc assumptions about higher-order effects. An…
Experimental analysis of data from particle collisions is typically expressed as statistical limits on a few benchmark models of particular, often historical, interest. The implications of the data for other theoretical models (current or…