Related papers: Physical basis of critical analysis
The subject of heavy flavour decays as probes for physics beyond the TeV scale is covered from the experimental perspective. Emphasis is placed on the more traditional Beyond the Standard Model topics that have potential for impact in the…
Compelling arguments suggest the presence of new physics at energy scales that will be probed by frontier energy colliders over the next decade. Arguments for each of the many flavors of new physics that have been proposed seem much less…
Two selection statistics are used to extract new candidate periodic variables from the epoch photometry of the Hipparcos catalogue. The primary selection criterion is a signal to noise ratio. The dependence of this statistic on the number…
We present an algorithm for finding the probabilities of rare events in nonequilibrium processes. The algorithm consists of evolving the system with a modified dynamics for which the required event occurs more frequently. By keeping track…
Accurately estimating the proportion of true signals among a large number of variables is crucial for enhancing the precision and reliability of scientific research. Traditional signal proportion estimators often assume independence among…
We give conditions to prove the existence of an Extremal Index for general stationary stochastic processes by detecting the presence of one or more underlying periodic phenomena. This theory, besides giving general useful tools to identify…
The experimental problem of converting a measured binomial quantity, the fraction of events in a sample that pass a cut, into a physical binomial quantity, the fraction of events originating from a signal source, is described as a system of…
In the 90s of the last century high statistics experiments with fully equipped 4$\pi$ detectors have lead to a better insight in the spectrum of hadrons. In particular the finding of crypto-exotic and $J^{PC}$ exotic states tremendously…
The advantages of weak measurements, and especially measurements of imaginary weak values, for precision enhancement, are discussed. A situation is considered in which the initial state of the measurement device varies randomly on each run,…
We study the elusive transition from exponential to post-exponential (algebraic) decay of the probability density of a quantum particle emitted by an exponentially decaying source, in one dimension. The main finding is that the probability…
It is possible, for homogeneously broadened lines, to excite selectively the response signals, which are orders of magnitude narrower than the original lines. The new type of echo, which allows detecting such signals, and the formalism,…
The way to create and to investigate a dense cold matter droplets in the laboratory is proposed. The reality of this approach are argued. Estimated possible statistic is large enough for detail study of the properties of such a matter.…
We present recent data of electric signals detected at the Earth's surface, which confirm the earlier finding [Phys. Rev. E 73, 031114 (2006)] that the value of the entropy in natural time as well as its value under time reversal are…
Improving Importance Sampling estimators for rare event probabilities requires sharp approximations of conditional densities. This is achieved for events E_{n}:=(f(X_{1})+...+f(X_{n}))\inA_{n} where the summands are i.i.d. and E_{n} is a…
We give a decomposition of the posterior predictive variance using the law of total variance and conditioning on a finite dimensional discrete random variable. This random variable summarizes various features of modeling that are used to…
These three lectures provide an introduction to the main concepts of statistical data analysis useful for precision measurements and searches for new signals in High Energy Physics. The frequentist and Bayesian approaches to probability…
Energy distributions of decay products carry information on the kinematics of the decay in ways that are at the same time straightforward and quite hidden. I will review these properties and discuss their early historical applications as…
A hidden Markov process is a well known concept in information theory and is used for a vast range of applications such as speech recognition and error correction. We bridge between two disciplines, experimental physics and advanced…
Particle physics experiments such as those run in the Large Hadron Collider result in huge quantities of data, which are boiled down to a few numbers from which it is hoped that a signal will be detected. We discuss a simple probability…
The performances of a new data processing technique, namely the Empirical Mode Decomposition, are evaluated on a fully developed turbulent velocity signal perturbed by a numerical forcing which mimics a long-period flapping. First, we…