Related papers: Counting Branches in Trees Using Games
Regular tree grammars and regular path expressions constitute core constructs widely used in programming languages and type systems. Nevertheless, there has been little research so far on frameworks for reasoning about path expressions…
$\mu$-Calculus and automata on infinite trees are complementary ways of describing infinite tree languages. The correspondence between $\mu$-Calculus and alternating tree automaton is used to solve the satisfiability and model checking…
Random forests are decision tree ensembles that can be used to solve a variety of machine learning problems. However, as the number of trees and their individual size can be large, their decision making process is often incomprehensible. In…
In analogy to other concepts of a similar nature, we define the inducibility of a rooted binary tree. Given a fixed rooted binary tree $B$ with $k$ leaves, we let $\gamma(B,T)$ be the proportion of all subsets of $k$ leaves in $T$ that…
Certain families of combinatorial objects admit recursive descriptions in terms of generating trees: each node of the tree corresponds to an object, and the branch leading to the node encodes the choices made in the construction of the…
This work addresses the problem of computing measures of recognisable sets of infinite trees. An algorithm is provided to compute the probability measure of a tree language recognisable by a weak alternating automaton, or equivalently…
Tree search algorithms, such as branch-and-bound, are the most widely used tools for solving combinatorial and nonconvex problems. For example, they are the foremost method for solving (mixed) integer programs and constraint satisfaction…
We consider the task of controlling in a distributed way a Zielonka asynchronous automaton. Every process of a controller has access to its causal past to determine the next set of actions it proposes to play. An action can be played only…
We investigate the topological complexity of non Borel recognizable tree languages with regard to the difference hierarchy of analytic sets. We show that, for each integer $n \geq 1$, there is a $D_{\omega^n}({\bf \Sigma}^1_1)$-complete…
In this paper, we define a new kind of weighted tree automata where the weights are only supported by final states. We show that these automata are sequentializable and we study their closures under classical regular and algebraic…
A non-deterministic automaton running on infinite trees is unambiguous if it has at most one accepting run on every tree. The class of languages recognisable by unambiguous tree automata is still not well-understood. In particular,…
Chip-firing is a combinatorial game played on an undirected graph in which we place chips on vertices. We study chip-firing on an infinite binary tree in which we add a self-loop to the root to ensure each vertex has degree 3. A vertex can…
The class of Boolean combinations of tree languages recognized by deterministic top-down tree automata (also known as deterministic root-to-frontier automata) is studied. The problem of determining for a given regular tree language whether…
We study a class of algebras that can be used as recognisers for regular languages of infinite trees.
A deterministic finite automaton in which every non-empty set of states occurs as the image of the whole state set under the action of a suitable input word is called completely reachable. We characterize such automata in terms of graphs…
The game tree languages can be viewed as an automata-theoretic counterpart of parity games on graphs. They witness the strictness of the index hierarchy of alternating tree automata, as well as the fixed-point hierarchy over binary trees.…
We study a game in which one keeps flipping a coin until a given finite string of heads and tails occurs. We find the expected number of coin flips to end the game when the ending string consists of at most four maximal runs of heads or…
Any function can be constructed using a hierarchy of simpler functions through compositions. Such a hierarchy can be characterized by a binary rooted tree. Each node of this tree is associated with a function which takes as inputs two…
Parikh (tree) automata are an expressive and yet computationally well-behaved extension of finite automata -- they allow to increment a number of counters during their computations, which are finally tested by a semilinear constraint. In…
Based on decision trees, many fields have arguably made tremendous progress in recent years. In simple words, decision trees use the strategy of "divide-and-conquer" to divide the complex problem on the dependency between input features and…