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Granular materials are very common in the everyday world. Media such as sand, soil, gravel, food stuffs, pharmaceuticals, etc. all have similar irregular flow since they are composed of numerous small solid particles. In video games,…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2021-03-10 Jonathan Devlin , Micah D. Schuster

Tic Tac Toe is amongst the most well-known games. It has already been shown that it is a biased game, giving more chances to win for the first player leaving only a draw or a loss as possibilities for the opponent, assuming both the players…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-03-15 Bhavuk Kalra

We extend the jigsaw percolation model to analyze graphs where both underlying people and puzzle graphs are Erd\H{o}s-R\'enyi random graphs. Let $p_{\text{ppl}}$ and $p_{\text{puz}}$ denote the probability that an edge exists in the…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-03-31 Erik Slivken

We prove that every probabilistic cellular automaton with strictly positive transition probabilities that admits a stationary Bernoulli measure is exponentially ergodic. Moreover, the mixing time of any finite region in such a system is…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-05-19 Irène Marcovici , Siamak Taati

Bootstrap percolation on a graph iteratively enlarges a set of occupied sites by adjoining points with at least $\theta$ occupied neighbors. The initially occupied set is random, given by a uniform product measure, and we say that spanning…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-05-14 Janko Gravner , David Sivakoff

The emergence of mutual cooperation is studied in a spatially extended evolutionary prisoner's dilemma game in which the players are located on the sites of cubic lattices for dimensions d=1, 2, and 3. Each player can choose one of the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-10-31 Gyorgy Szabo , Tibor Antal , Peter Szabo , Michel Droz

We explore a bond percolation model on slabs $\mathbb{S}^+_k=\mathbb{Z}_+\times \mathbb{Z}_+\times\{0,\dots,k\}$ featuring one-dimensional inhomogeneities. In this context, a vertical column on the slab comprises the set of vertical edges…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-05-05 Matheus B. Castro , Rémy Sanchis , Roger W. C. Silva

We consider a new probabilistic graph searching game played on graphs, inspired by the familiar game of Cops and Robbers. In Zombies and Survivors, a set of zombies attempts to eat a lone survivor loose on a given graph. The zombies…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2015-03-31 Anthony Bonato , Dieter Mitsche , Xavier Pérez-Giménez , Paweł Prałat

We study two-player \emph{take-away} games whose outcomes emulate two-state one-dimensional cellular automata, such as Wolfram's rules 60 and 110. Given an initial string consisting of a central data pattern and periodic left and right…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-01-06 Urban Larsson

In this paper we introduce and study {\em all-pay bidding games}, a class of two player, zero-sum games on graphs. The game proceeds as follows. We place a token on some vertex in the graph and assign budgets to the two players. Each turn,…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2019-11-20 Guy Avni , Rasmus Ibsen-Jensen , Josef Tkadlec

We introduce and study Maker/Breaker-type positional games on random graphs. Our main concern is to determine the threshold probability $p_{F}$ for the existence of Maker's strategy to claim a member of $F$ in the unbiased game played on…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Milos Stojakovic , Tibor Szabo

In decision-dependent games, multiple players optimize their decisions under a data distribution that shifts with their joint actions, creating complex dynamics in applications like market pricing. A practical consequence of these dynamics…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Guangzheng Zhong , Yang Liu , Jiming Liu

We investigate the low-noise regime of a large class of probabilistic cellular automata, including the North-East-Center model of A. Toom. They are defined as stochastic perturbations of cellular automata with a binary state space and a…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2013-12-13 Lise Ponselet

The probabilistic cellular automaton (PCA) method is highlighted for its relatively simple numerical algorithm and low computational cost in the simulation of microstructural evolution. In this method, probabilistic state change rules are…

Materials Science · Physics 2024-04-23 Majid Seyed-Salehi

We study the behavior of the random walk in a continuum independent long-range percolation model, in which two given vertices $x$ and $y$ are connected with probability that asymptotically behaves like $|x-y|^{-\alpha}$ with $\alpha>d$,…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-09-30 Ercan Sönmez , Arnaud Rousselle

We consider the problem of metastability for stochastic reversible dynamics with exponentially small transition probabilities. We generalize previous results in several directions. We give an estimate of the spectral gap of the transition…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-07-17 Gianmarco Bet , Vanessa Jacquier , Francesca R. Nardi

This paper considers a class of probabilistic cellular automata undergoing a phase transition with an absorbing state. Denoting by ${\mathcal{U}}(x)$ the neighbourhood of site $x$, the transition probability is $T(\eta_x = 1 |…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-05-19 Lorenzo Taggi

Competition among cooperators, defectors, and loners is studied in an evolutionary prisoner's dilemma game with optional participation. Loners are risk averse i.e. unwilling to participate and rather rely on small but fixed earnings. This…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2009-11-07 Gyorgy Szabo , Christoph Hauert

Maker-Breaker games are played on a hypergraph $(X,\mathcal{F})$, where $\mathcal{F} \subseteq 2^X$ denotes the family of winning sets. Both players alternately claim a predefined amount of edges (called bias) from the board $X$, and Maker…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-10-01 Dennis Clemens , Fabian Hamann , Yannick Mogge , Olaf Parczyk

In two-player games on graphs, the players move a token through a graph to produce an infinite path, which determines the winner of the game. Such games are central in formal methods since they model the interaction between a…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Milad Aghajohari , Guy Avni , Thomas A. Henzinger